resident
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resident
A person who lives in a particular house, apartment, city, or region.
Die Bewohner des Hauses wurden gebeten, die Mülltrennung zu beachten.
The residents of the building were asked to observe the waste-separation rules.
The word is derived from the verb 'bewohnen' (to inhabit/live in). A 'Bewohner' (resident/inhabitant) is a person or animal that 'bewohnt' (inhabits) a place. The ending '-er' here marks the person doing the action.
Die neuen Bewohner ziehen nächste Woche ein.
The new residents are moving in next week.
To specify the place that someone inhabits, you usually use the genitive or the preposition 'von' (of/from). For example, 'die Bewohner des Hauses' (the residents of the house) or 'die Bewohner von Berlin' (the residents of Berlin).
Die Bewohner des Dorfes feierten gemeinsam ein Fest.
The residents of the village celebrated a festival together.
Whether a person or an animal is meant is always clear from the context. If people are talking about houses, cities, or countries, humans are meant. With forests, seas, or nests, animals are meant.
Die Bewohner der Wohnung über uns sind sehr laut.
The residents of the apartment above us are very loud.
citizen
'der Bürger' and 'der Bewohner' can both mean a person who lives in a place. However, 'Bürger' emphasizes belonging to a state, city, or municipality, and often also rights and duties. 'Bewohner' only says that someone lives in a house, city, or region. That is why you can also use 'Bewohner' for a specific building. Learners may confuse the words because both occur with places. When it is about living somewhere, 'Bewohner' usually fits. When it is about the state, a city, politics, or rights, 'Bürger' is more likely to fit.
Nach dem Brand mussten alle Bewohner des Hauses ihre Wohnungen verlassen.
After the fire, all residents of the building had to leave their apartments.
Die Bürger der Stadt dürfen am Sonntag über den neuen Park abstimmen.
The citizens of the city are allowed to vote on the new park on Sunday.