
blass
pale
Having a light, colorless complexion, often as a sign of illness, fear, or shock.
Sie wurde ganz blass, als sie die schlechte Nachricht hörte.
She turned very pale when she heard the bad news.
pale
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pale
Having a light, colorless complexion, often as a sign of illness, fear, or shock.
Sie wurde ganz blass, als sie die schlechte Nachricht hörte.
She turned very pale when she heard the bad news.

pale
Describing a weak, light, and not intense color.
Die Wände sind in einem blassen Gelb gestrichen.
The walls are painted a pale yellow.

pale
Figuratively, for something that is unclear, vague, lacking character, or not very impressive.
Im Vergleich zu seinem Bruder blieb er eine eher blasse Figur.
Compared with his brother, he remained a rather pale figure.
You can recognize the meaning of 'blass' (pale) from the context. If it refers to a person, it is about their complexion, often due to illness or shock. If it refers to an object or light, it is about a weak color. In connection with abstract nouns like 'Erinnerung' (memory), it is meant figuratively.
Nach der langen Nacht sah er müde und blass aus.
After the long night, he looked tired and pale.
To express the process of becoming pale, the combination with the verb 'werden' (to become) is often used. This describes a sudden change in facial color, usually due to shock, fear, or illness.
Als sie die Spinne sah, wurde sie ganz blass im Gesicht.
When she saw the spider, her face went completely pale.
A common idiom is 'blass um die Nase sein/werden' (to look/become pale around the nose). It means that someone looks sick, unwell, or frightened.
Du siehst aber blass um die Nase aus. Fühlst du dich nicht gut?
You look rather pale. Are you not feeling well?
In the figurative sense, 'blass' (pale) describes something unclear, lacking character, or not very impressive. It is often used with abstract nouns such as 'Erinnerung' (memory), 'Ahnung' (idea/notion), or 'Figur' (figure/character).
Ich habe nur noch eine blasse Ahnung, wie das funktioniert.
I only have a vague idea left of how that works.
white
Both words can describe a face that has become noticeably colorless from fright. Blass is the neutral term for a light complexion, while weiß vividly emphasizes the strong visible loss of color. Use blass for the normal description and weiß when the face looks particularly colorless.

Nach dem plötzlichen Schreck war sie im Gesicht sehr blass.
After the sudden fright, her face was very pale.
Nach dem plötzlichen Schreck wurde sie im Gesicht ganz weiß.
After the sudden fright, her face turned completely white.