bronchitis
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bronchitis
An inflammation of the mucous membranes in the bronchi, the airways of the lungs. It often manifests as coughing and mucus production.
Wegen seiner akuten Bronchitis musste er eine Woche zu Hause bleiben.
Because of his acute bronchitis, he had to stay home for a week.
The ending '-itis' comes from Greek and in medicine always refers to inflammation. When you see this ending, you know it is a disease in which something is inflamed.
Auch bei einer Gastritis oder Arthritis zeigt die Endung „-itis“ eine Entzündung an.
In gastritis or arthritis too, the ending '-itis' indicates an inflammation.
As with many illnesses, you use verbs like 'eine Bronchitis haben' (to have bronchitis) or 'bekommen' (to get). Common adjectives are 'akut' (acute: sudden and short-term) and 'chronisch' (chronic: long-lasting).
Er leidet an einer chronischen Bronchitis.
He suffers from chronic bronchitis.
When you want to express that someone is suffering from this illness, you use the preposition 'an' followed by the dative: 'an Bronchitis leiden' (to suffer from bronchitis).
Mein Großvater leidet schon seit Jahren an Bronchitis.
My grandfather has suffered from bronchitis for years.
flu
'die Grippe' and 'die Bronchitis' can both be illnesses with a cough. That makes them easy to confuse, especially if you only mention the symptoms. 'Grippe' affects the whole body more strongly and often comes with fever, headaches, and aching limbs. In everyday language, the word is also used for a bad flu-like infection. 'Bronchitis' more specifically means an inflammation of the bronchi, the airways in the lungs; typical signs are coughing and mucus. If the general feeling of illness is the main point, 'Grippe' is more likely to fit. If the focus is mainly on the airways and the cough, 'Bronchitis' is more precise.
Sie hat eine Bronchitis und hustet seit Tagen sehr stark.
She has bronchitis and has been coughing badly for days.
Das ist keine leichte Erkältung, sondern eine Grippe mit hohem Fieber.
This is not a mild cold, but the flu with a high fever.