pneumonia
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pneumonia
An inflammation of the lung tissue, usually caused by an infection with bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Symptoms often include coughing, fever, and difficulty breathing.
Wegen einer schweren Lungenentzündung musste er ins Krankenhaus.
Because of severe pneumonia, he had to go to the hospital.
This word is made up of 'die Lunge' (the lung; plural: die Lungen) and 'die Entzündung' (the inflammation). The 'n' in between is a linking element. It literally means 'inflammation of the lung'.
Der Arzt diagnostizierte eine Lungenentzündung.
The doctor diagnosed pneumonia.
The base word '-entzündung' (inflammation) is very useful for understanding medical terms. It is used for many illnesses, e.g. 'Halsentzündung' (throat infection), 'Mandelentzündung' (tonsillitis), or 'Blinddarmentzündung' (appendicitis).
Bei einer Mandelentzündung tut das Schlucken weh.
With tonsillitis, swallowing hurts.
Common expressions are 'eine Lungenentzündung haben' (to have pneumonia) or 'bekommen' (to get). If someone is suffering from it, you say 'an einer Lungenentzündung leiden' (to suffer from pneumonia).
Pass auf, dass du keine Lungenentzündung bekommst.
Be careful that you don't get pneumonia.
flu
'die Grippe' and 'die Lungenentzündung' can both be associated with fever, coughing, and feeling very ill. That is why they are sometimes confused in everyday language. 'Grippe' means a viral illness, often with fever, headaches, and aching limbs; colloquially, people also use it for a bad flu-like infection. 'Lungenentzündung' is more specifically an inflammation of the lungs and can be especially associated with breathing difficulties. If someone is only talking about a generally bad cold, 'Grippe' often fits in the colloquial sense. If the lungs are inflamed or breathing is affected, 'Lungenentzündung' is the more precise word.
Nach dem Röntgen sagte die Ärztin, dass Paul eine Lungenentzündung hat.
After the X-ray, the doctor said that Paul has pneumonia.
Wegen der Grippe bleibt der Mitarbeiter die ganze Woche zu Hause.
Because of the flu, the employee is staying home all week.