dia-
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dia-
Does not exist as an independent adjective in German. It is the prefix 'dia-' (Greek for 'through', 'throughout', 'apart'), which plays a role in loanwords and technical terms, e.g. 'diachron' (diachronic), 'Diagnose' (diagnosis), 'Dialog' (dialogue).
In der Linguistik unterscheidet man die synchrone und die diachrone Betrachtung von Sprache.
In linguistics, a distinction is made between the synchronic and diachronic study of language.
'Dia' is not an independent adjective in German. It is the prefix 'dia-' from Greek, meaning 'through', 'throughout', or 'apart'.
Der Durchmesser eines Kreises geht quer durch seinen Mittelpunkt.
The diameter of a circle goes straight through its center.
The prefix 'dia-' is found almost exclusively in loanwords from science and technical language. It hardly occurs in everyday German.
Für eine genaue Diagnose muss der Arzt weitere Tests durchführen.
For an accurate diagnosis, the doctor has to carry out further tests.
If you see an unfamiliar word with 'dia-', you can often infer the meaning. A 'Dialog' (dialogue) is a conversation that goes back and forth 'between' people, and something 'Diagonales' (diagonal) runs 'across/through' a shape.
Im Dialog versuchten die Politiker, eine Lösung zu finden.
In dialogue, the politicians tried to find a solution.
through / by
'durch' and 'dia-' can both express the idea of 'through'. However, 'durch' is a normal German word and is used in everyday language as a preposition, for example for movement through a space. 'dia-' is not an independent German adjective, but a prefix in loanwords and technical terms. So you do not simply say 'dia' in a normal sentence. For ordinary situations, use 'durch'; 'dia-' is more something you explain when talking about word formation or technical vocabulary.
Im Wort „Dialog“ steckt das Präfix „dia-“ aus dem Griechischen.
The word 'Dialog' contains the prefix 'dia-' from Greek.
Nach dem Regen gehen wir durch den Garten zum Haus.
After the rain, we walk through the garden to the house.