to lose it / spin
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to lose it
Colloquial for losing control, going crazy, panicking, or having a fit of anger.
Als er merkte, dass er seinen Pass verloren hatte, ist er komplett durchgedreht.
When he realized that he had lost his passport, he completely lost it.
to spin
Of a wheel or similar rotating part: to turn quickly without traction and therefore not transmit any force.
Das Auto kam den vereisten Berg nicht hoch, weil die Räder ständig durchdrehten.
The car couldn't get up the icy hill because the wheels kept spinning.
to grind
To chop up food, especially meat, with a meat grinder.
Für die Bolognese-Soße drehe ich das Fleisch immer frisch durch.
For the Bolognese sauce, I always grind the meat fresh.
'Durchdrehen' (to lose it / spin / grind) is a separable verb. The prefix 'durch' comes at the end of the main clause. In subordinate clauses and in the infinitive, the verb stays together.
Bei dieser Nachricht dreht er bestimmt durch.
He'll definitely lose it when he hears this news.
You can recognize the meaning from the subject: if a person 'durchdreht' (loses it), they lose control. If a wheel 'durchdreht' (spins), it has no traction. If you 'durchdreht' (grind) food, you chop it up.
Als sie das hörte, ist sie vor Wut fast durchgedreht.
When she heard that, she almost lost it with anger.
In the meaning 'die Kontrolle verlieren' (to lose control), the word is colloquial. The perfect tense is formed with 'sein' because it describes a change of state: 'Er ist durchgedreht' (He lost it).
Als der Computer abstürzte, bin ich fast durchgedreht.
When the computer crashed, I almost lost it.
This meaning is typical in a kitchen context. The tool, the meat grinder, is often mentioned directly in the sentence: 'etwas durch den Fleischwolf drehen' (to put something through the meat grinder).
Meine Oma hat das Fleisch für die Frikadellen immer selbst durchgedreht.
My grandma always ground the meat for the meatballs herself.
to freak out / disengage
Both verbs can colloquially mean that someone loses control. Ausrasten specifically refers to a sudden, intense fit of anger. Durchdrehen is broader and can express panic or a general loss of control in addition to anger; both are therefore possible for an angry outburst.
Als Tom die schlechte Nachricht hörte, drehte er vor Panik völlig durch.
When Tom heard the bad news, he completely lost it in a panic.
Als Tom die Beleidigung hörte, rastete er aus und schrie seinen Kollegen an.
When Tom heard the insult, he freaked out and yelled at his colleague.
