to go through / to run through
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to go through
To complete or experience a process, development, or phase from beginning to end. This is an inseparable verb.
Jeder Bewerber muss ein mehrstufiges Auswahlverfahren durchlaufen.
Every applicant must go through a multi-stage selection process.
to run through
Refers to a liquid that flows through a filter or sieve. This is a separable verb.
Warte noch einen Moment, der Kaffee ist noch nicht ganz durchgelaufen.
Wait another moment; the coffee hasn't fully run through yet.
to run through
To run or walk a route without stopping or interruption. This is a separable verb.
Trotz der Hitze ist er die zehn Kilometer in einer guten Zeit durchgelaufen.
Despite the heat, he ran the ten kilometers through in a good time.
to run through
To pass through a geographic area, a place, or a space. This is an inseparable verb.
Der Fluss durchläuft auf seinem Weg zum Meer drei verschiedene Länder.
On its way to the sea, the river runs through three different countries.
to wear through
To wear out shoes or socks through intensive walking or running so that a hole forms. This is a separable verb.
Bei der langen Stadttour habe ich mir die Sohlen meiner neuen Schuhe durchgelaufen.
During the long city tour, I wore through the soles of my new shoes.
'Durchlaufen' (to go/run through) can be separable or inseparable. Inseparable (durchlaufen) is used with abstract, figurative meanings such as 'to experience a process'. Separable (durchlaufen) is used with concrete, literal meanings such as 'to filter coffee' or 'to run a route'.
Der Praktikant durchläuft verschiedene Abteilungen. (untrennbar)
The intern goes through different departments. (inseparable)
The stress shows whether the verb is separable. If the prefix is stressed (dúrch-laufen), it is separable. If the verb stem is stressed (durch-láufen), it is inseparable.
Er ist die ganze Nacht durchgelaufen. (Betonung auf „durch“)
He ran through the whole night. (stress on 'durch')
The inseparable form is often combined with abstract processes. Typical objects are: training, a course of study, a process, a development, or a procedure.
Alle neuen Mitarbeiter durchlaufen ein intensives Training.
All new employees go through intensive training.
When 'durchlaufen' (to run through) describes movement or a change of state (e.g., liquid that filters through), the perfect tense is formed with 'sein' (to be).
Warte, das Wasser ist noch nicht ganz durchgelaufen.
Wait, the water hasn't fully run through yet.
In the meaning 'to wear out', a dative construction is used: 'sich (Dative) etwas (Accusative) durchlaufen' (to wear something through). The person it happens to is in the dative.
Ich habe mir bei der Wanderung meine neuen Socken durchgelaufen.
I wore through my new socks during the hike.
to describe
Beschreiben and durchlaufen can both refer to a route or path. Here, beschreiben refers to the path taken by, for example, a point moving along a curve; durchlaufen, by contrast, means that someone actually covers the route without stopping. Use beschreiben for the geometric path and durchlaufen for movement along it.
Der Läufer durchläuft die kreisförmige Strecke ohne Pause.
The runner completes the circular course without stopping.
Der Punkt beschreibt auf dem Bildschirm eine kreisförmige Bahn.
The point traces a circular path on the screen.
