intruder
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intruder
A person who enters a place without permission and where they are not wanted, for example a house, a property, or a country.
Der Hund bellte laut, als er den Eindringling im Garten bemerkte.
The dog barked loudly when it noticed the intruder in the garden.
intruder
In a figurative sense, something that appears in a system or area where it does not belong and often has a disruptive effect.
In dem perfekten Code war der kleine Fehler ein unerwünschter Eindringling.
In the perfect code, the small error was an unwanted intruder.
The word is derived from the separable verb 'eindringen' (to penetrate / to intrude), which means 'to get inside' or 'to enter invasively'. The ending '-ling' here refers to a person who performs this action, often with a negative meaning.
Der Eindringling ist durch ein offenes Fenster eingedrungen.
The intruder entered through an open window.
You can tell from context whether a person is meant literally or a thing is meant figuratively. If it is about places such as a house, a person is often meant. With systems such as computers or nature, the figurative meaning is likely.
Die Polizei konnte den Eindringling auf dem Firmengelände schnell fassen.
The police were able to catch the intruder on the company premises quickly.
In the literal meaning, 'Eindringling' (intruder) is often combined with verbs that describe a reaction. Common ones are: 'einen Eindringling bemerken' (to notice an intruder), 'entdecken' (to discover), 'fassen' (to catch), or 'vertreiben' (to drive away).
Die Alarmanlage soll dabei helfen, Eindringlinge frühzeitig zu entdecken.
The alarm system is supposed to help detect intruders early.
The word can also be used figuratively for anything disruptive that gets into an existing system. This can be a computer virus, a weed in the garden, or even a disturbing thought.
Der Techniker suchte nach dem digitalen Eindringling im Netzwerk.
The technician searched for the digital intruder in the network.
attacker
In IT, Angreifer refers to someone or something that attempts to gain unauthorized access, disrupts a system, or wants to steal data. Eindringling emphasizes, figuratively, that someone or something has entered a protected area without authorization. The key distinction is therefore the act of attacking versus unauthorized entry.
Nach dem unbemerkten Zugriff suchte das Sicherheitsteam im System nach dem Eindringling.
After the unnoticed access, the security team searched the system for the intruder.
Die Firewall blockierte den Angreifer bei seinem Versuch, auf den Server zuzugreifen.
The firewall blocked the attacker as they attempted to access the server.
