to influence / take effect
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to influence
To exert influence on a person, thing, or process in order to change their opinion, behavior, or condition.
Die Eltern versuchten, auf die Berufswahl ihres Sohnes einzuwirken.
The parents tried to influence their son's career choice.
'Einwirken' (to influence / take effect) is a separable verb. In a main clause, the prefix 'ein-' comes at the end. In subordinate clauses or in the infinitive with 'zu', the verb is not separated.
Das Medikament wirkt langsam auf den Körper ein.
The medication slowly takes effect on the body.
When 'einwirken' (to influence) has the meaning 'beeinflussen' (to influence), it is almost always used with the preposition 'auf' followed by an accusative object. This structure shows what the influence is exerted on.
Werbung wirkt stark auf das Kaufverhalten der Konsumenten ein.
Advertising strongly influences consumers' buying behavior.
In the meaning 'seine Wirkung entfalten' (to take effect), the construction 'etwas einwirken lassen' (to let something take effect) is often used. This is typical in instructions, for example in cooking, cleaning, or hair treatments.
Lassen Sie die Gesichtsmaske zehn Minuten einwirken.
Let the face mask take effect for ten minutes.
influence
'der Einfluss' and 'einwirken' both have to do with someone or something having an effect on a person, a decision, or a development. 'der Einfluss' is a noun and describes the effect or power itself. 'einwirken' is a verb and places more emphasis on the active action: someone tries to influence someone or something. Learners may confuse the words because both are often used with 'auf'. A practical tip: you have 'Einfluss auf etwas' (influence on something), but you 'wirkt auf jemanden oder etwas ein' (act upon / influence someone or something).
Die Eltern wollten ruhig auf ihr Kind einwirken, damit es keine Angst vor dem Arzt hat.
The parents wanted to calmly influence their child so that it would not be afraid of the doctor.
Das Wetter hat großen Einfluss auf unsere Pläne für das Wochenende.
The weather has a major influence on our plans for the weekend.