increase / rise
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increase
The raising of an amount, value, or degree, for example with prices, salaries, or taxes.
Die Mieter protestieren gegen die plötzliche Erhöhung der Nebenkosten.
The tenants are protesting against the sudden increase in service charges.
The noun 'die Erhöhung' (increase / rise) is derived directly from the verb 'erhöhen' (to increase / to raise), which means 'höher machen' (to make higher). The base is the adjective 'hoch' (high). This connection helps you understand both meanings: something becomes higher in value (price) or is geographically higher (hill).
Die Firma plant, die Preise zu erhöhen.
The company plans to raise the prices.
To state the amount of the increase, you use the preposition 'um' with the accusative. To say what is being increased, you use 'von' with the dative or the genitive.
Die Erhöhung der Miete um 50 Euro ist nicht gerechtfertigt.
The increase in rent by 50 euros is not justified.
In an economic context, 'Erhöhung' (increase) is often combined into fixed compound words. Very common are 'Preiserhöhung' (price increase), 'Gehaltserhöhung' (salary raise), 'Mieterhöhung' (rent increase), or 'Zinserhöhung' (interest rate hike).
Die Gewerkschaft fordert eine Gehaltserhöhung für alle Angestellten.
The union is demanding a salary raise for all employees.
You can recognize this meaning from the context, which refers to landscape and geography. Typical words nearby are 'Hügel' (hill), 'Blick' (view), 'Aussicht' (view), 'Gelände' (terrain), or verbs like 'stehen' (to stand) and 'hinaufsteigen' (to climb up).
Auf der kleinen Erhöhung machten wir eine Pause und genossen die Aussicht.
We took a break on the small rise and enjoyed the view.
increase / ascent
'die Erhöhung' and 'der Anstieg' can both mean that numbers, prices, or values become larger. 'Erhöhung' often sounds like an active decision, for example when someone raises prices, taxes, or salaries. 'Anstieg' fits better when describing a development that you observe, for example with temperatures or visitor numbers. That is why they can easily be confused. As a guideline: for a measure or action, people often say 'Erhöhung'; for a development, often 'Anstieg'. In terrain, the difference is clearer: an 'Erhöhung' is a higher spot, while an 'Anstieg' is a path or piece of terrain that leads upward.
Die Erhöhung der Miete kam für viele Mieter überraschend.
The rent increase came as a surprise to many tenants.
Im Sommer gab es einen starken Anstieg der Temperaturen.
In the summer, there was a sharp rise in temperatures.