campaign
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military campaign
A larger, planned military operation by armed forces in a war, aimed at a strategic objective.
Napoleons Feldzug gegen Russland im Jahr 1812 endete in einer Katastrophe.
Napoleon's military campaign against Russia in 1812 ended in disaster.
campaign
An intensive, organized action to achieve a specific goal, often directed against something or someone.
Die Tierschutzorganisation startete einen Feldzug gegen Massentierhaltung.
The animal welfare organization launched a campaign against factory farming.
The word is made up of 'Feld' (field) and 'Zug' (move/march). It literally describes a 'march across the field', which vividly represents the movement of an army in a military operation.
Der General plante den Feldzug bis ins kleinste Detail.
The general planned the military campaign down to the smallest detail.
'Feldzug' (campaign) is often combined with verbs that describe an action. Typical verbs are 'einen Feldzug führen' (to wage/conduct a campaign), 'starten' (to launch), 'beginnen' (to begin), or 'unternehmen' (to undertake).
Die Aktivisten führen einen Feldzug für saubere Meere.
The activists are conducting a campaign for clean oceans.
You can recognize the figurative meaning from the context. If the 'Feldzug' (campaign) relates to social, political, or economic issues, it usually means an intensive campaign, not a military operation.
Die Zeitung startete einen Feldzug gegen die neue Steuer.
The newspaper launched a campaign against the new tax.
In the figurative meaning, 'Feldzug' (campaign) is almost always used with the preposition 'gegen' (against) to name the target of the campaign.
Es war ein langer Feldzug gegen die Korruption im Land.
It was a long campaign against corruption in the country.
campaign
A Kampagne and a Feldzug can both refer to an organized series of actions directed toward a goal. Today, “Kampagne” is usually political, advertising-related, or social and sounds more neutral; “Feldzug” usually refers to a military operation or deliberately sounds combative. For public initiatives, “Kampagne” is generally more suitable; for military action, use “Feldzug”.
Die Armee begann einen Feldzug gegen die feindlichen Truppen im Norden.
The army began a campaign against the enemy troops in the north.
Die Partei führt eine Kampagne für bessere Busverbindungen in ländlichen Regionen.
The party is running a campaign for better bus connections in rural areas.
