geographic
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geographic
Relating to geography; concerning spatial location, a region, or a landscape.
Die geografische Lage der Stadt am Fluss war ein großer wirtschaftlicher Vorteil.
The city's geographic location on the river was a major economic advantage.
The adjective 'geografisch' (geographic) is derived directly from the noun 'die Geografie' (geography). The ending '-isch' is often used to form a related adjective from a noun.
Wir haben im Unterricht die geografischen Besonderheiten von Australien besprochen.
We discussed the geographic features of Australia in class.
'Geografisch' (geographic) is often used to describe the spatial dimension of something. Common combinations are 'die geografische Lage' (the geographic location), 'die geografische Nähe' (geographic proximity), 'geografische Barrieren' (geographic barriers), or 'geografische Daten' (geographic data).
Die geografische Nähe zu Frankreich beeinflusst die Kultur der Region.
The geographic proximity to France influences the culture of the region.
The word can also be used as an adverb to introduce a sentence and focus on the spatial aspect. In this function, it often appears at the beginning of the sentence, followed by the verb.
Geografisch gehört die Insel zu Asien, politisch aber zu Europa.
Geographically, the island belongs to Asia, but politically to Europe.
regional
'regional' and 'geografisch' both have to do with places and spaces. 'regional' means a particular region or something that is limited to an area. 'geografisch' is broader and is more about location, landscape, distances, or classification on a map. They can be confused because a region is also a geographic space. For local products, culture, or areas of responsibility, people usually say 'regional'. For location, maps, or landscape, 'geografisch' fits better.
Für die Prüfung lernen wir die geografische Lage der Alpen.
For the exam, we are studying the geographic location of the Alps.
Zu Hause essen wir gern regionalen Käse aus dem Nachbarort.
At home, we like eating regional cheese from the neighboring town.