topographical
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topographical
Relating to topography, that is, the detailed description and representation of the earth’s surface with its natural forms (mountains, valleys, bodies of water) and artificial objects (buildings, roads).
Für die Planung der neuen Bahnstrecke wurde eine genaue topographische Karte erstellt.
A precise topographical map was created for planning the new railway line.
The adjective “topographisch” (topographical) is derived directly from the noun “die Topographie” (topography). The ending “-isch” is a typical way to form an adjective from a noun.
Die Topographie der Region ist sehr bergig.
The topography of the region is very mountainous.
This adjective often describes nouns from the fields of geography and planning. Common combinations are “topographische Karte” (topographical map), “topographische Merkmale” (topographical features), or “topographisches Gelände” (topographical terrain).
Das Militär analysierte die topographischen Merkmale des Gebiets.
The military analyzed the topographical features of the area.
“Topographisch” (topographical) is a technical term. It is used mainly in scientific, technical, or administrative contexts such as geography, urban planning, or the military.
Für den Bau der Windräder war eine topographische Untersuchung notwendig.
A topographical survey was necessary for the construction of the wind turbines.
geographic
'geographisch' and 'topographisch' both have to do with the Earth's surface. 'geographisch' is broader and describes location, regions, distribution, or general characteristics of places. 'topographisch' is more precise and refers to the shape and exact representation of an area, for example mountains, valleys, rivers, roads, or buildings on a map. Learners may confuse the words because both occur in contexts involving maps and landscapes. 'Geographisch' fits the broader context, while 'topographisch' is for exact surface details.
Auf der topographischen Karte erkennt man die Höhenunterschiede im Gebirge gut.
On the topographical map, you can clearly see the differences in elevation in the mountains.
Für das Projekt erklärt sie, warum die Region geographisch schwer erreichbar ist.
For the project, she explains why the region is geographically difficult to reach.