industrialization
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industrialization
The historical process of transition from an agricultural to an industrial society, especially in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Die Industrialisierung führte zu tiefgreifenden sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Veränderungen.
Industrialization led to profound social and economic changes.
The word ends in '-ung'. Such nouns are derived from a verb (here: 'industrialisieren' (to industrialize)) and are always feminine. This helps you use the article 'die' correctly.
Die Digitalisierung wird oft als neue industrielle Revolution bezeichnet.
Digitalization is often described as a new industrial revolution.
'Industrialisierung' (industrialization) belongs to a word family. If you know 'die Industrie' (industry/the sector) and 'industriell' (industrial), you can work out the meaning more easily.
Die industrielle Produktion hat viele Arbeitsplätze geschaffen.
Industrial production has created many jobs.
Context reveals whether the historical process or a general process is meant. Time expressions such as 'im 19. Jahrhundert' (in the 19th century) point to the historical era. Political or economic topics of the present refer to the general process.
Die Industrialisierung Englands begann früher als in Deutschland.
The industrialization of England began earlier than in Germany.
modernization
'Modernisierung' and 'Industrialisierung' can both describe major changes in the economy, technology, or society. However, 'Modernisierung' is more general: something is renewed and adapted to current technology, methods, or ideas. 'Industrialisierung' is more specific and means that industry emerges or becomes more important, for example factories, machines, and industrial production. The words can be confused because industrialization is often also a form of modernization. But not every modernization is industrialization: a school can be modernized without industry developing there.
Die Industrialisierung veränderte im 19. Jahrhundert das Leben vieler Menschen.
Industrialization changed the lives of many people in the 19th century.
Bei der Arbeit bespricht das Team die Modernisierung der alten Computer.
At work, the team discusses the modernization of the old computers.