virgin / Virgo / maiden
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virgin
A person who has never had sexual intercourse.
Der Begriff „Jungfrau“ wird heute seltener und oft nur in einem medizinischen oder sehr persönlichen Kontext verwendet.
The term 'Jungfrau' (virgin) is used less often today and usually only in a medical or very personal context.
Virgo
The sixth sign of the zodiac in a horoscope (Latin: Virgo).
Sie ist im September geboren, ihr Sternzeichen ist Jungfrau.
She was born in September; her zodiac sign is Virgo.
maiden
A historical or literary term for a young, unmarried woman; a young lady or maiden.
In dem Märchen wird die edle Jungfrau von einem Drachen gefangen gehalten.
In the fairy tale, the noble maiden is held captive by a dragon.
The word is made up of 'jung' (young) and 'Frau' (woman). Its original meaning was therefore literally a 'junge Frau' (young woman), which explains the historical usage.
Die Wortgeschichte von „Jungfrau“ ist eng mit der von „Fräulein“ verbunden.
The word history of 'Jungfrau' (virgin/maiden) is closely connected with that of 'Fräulein' (Miss/young lady).
You can recognize the meaning from context: words like 'Sternzeichen' (zodiac sign) or 'Horoskop' (horoscope) point to astrology. In 'Märchen' (fairy tales) and 'Sagen' (legends), the historical meaning is intended. Without this context, it usually refers to sexual inexperience.
Laut Horoskop sind Menschen mit dem Sternzeichen Jungfrau sehr ordentlich.
According to the horoscope, people with the zodiac sign Virgo are very orderly.
Although 'die Jungfrau' (the virgin) is a feminine noun, it is also used for men. In this case, the word remains unchanged. For example, you would say: 'Er ist noch Jungfrau.' (He is still a virgin.)
In dem Roman geht es um einen jungen Mann, der noch Jungfrau ist.
The novel is about a young man who is still a virgin.
When referring to the zodiac sign, the fixed expression '(vom Sternzeichen) Jungfrau sein' (to be a Virgo) or 'im Zeichen der Jungfrau geboren sein' (to be born under the sign of Virgo) is usually used.
Mein Bruder ist auch Jungfrau, er hat eine Woche nach dir Geburtstag.
My brother is a Virgo too; his birthday is a week after yours.
This meaning of 'Jungfrau' as a young, unmarried woman is outdated. Today it is used almost only in historical, literary, or religious contexts such as fairy tales and old texts.
Die Jungfrau von Orléans ist eine französische Nationalheldin.
The Maid of Orléans is a French national heroine.
Mademoiselle
Jungfrau and Mademoiselle can both refer to a young, unmarried woman in a historical or literary context. Jungfrau is a historical German term, while Mademoiselle is a French form of address with an often elegant, old-fashioned, or ironic tone. Choose Jungfrau for a German narrative tone and Mademoiselle for a French or stylized tone.
Im alten Roman rettete die Jungfrau das Dorf vor dem fremden Ritter.
In the old novel, the maiden saved the village from the foreign knight.
Der Gastgeber begrüßte die französische Mademoiselle mit einer höflichen Verbeugung.
The host greeted the French mademoiselle with a polite bow.
