catalyst / catalytic converter
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catalyst
In chemistry, a substance that increases the speed of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
Platin wird in vielen industriellen Prozessen als Katalysator eingesetzt.
Platinum is used as a catalyst in many industrial processes.
The word 'Katalysator' (catalyst) belongs to the word family around the verb 'katalysieren' (to catalyze). The ending '-ator' often refers to a person or thing that performs an action. A 'Katalysator' is therefore something that 'catalyzes' a reaction, meaning it accelerates or triggers it.
Diese Krise könnte den politischen Wandel katalysieren.
This crisis could catalyze political change.
You can recognize the meaning from context. In chemistry class or industry, it refers to a substance (m01). In connection with cars and repair shops, it refers to the exhaust system (m03). In discussions about society, politics, or personal development, the figurative meaning as a trigger is meant (m02).
Die Einführung der neuen Technologie war der Katalysator für das schnelle Wachstum der Firma.
The introduction of the new technology was the catalyst for the company's rapid growth.
In the figurative meaning, 'Katalysator' (catalyst) is often used with the preposition 'für' (for) and an accusative object. Typical verbs in this construction are 'als Katalysator wirken' (to act as a catalyst) or 'als Katalysator dienen' (to serve as a catalyst).
Die Erfindung des Internets wirkte als Katalysator für die Globalisierung.
The invention of the internet acted as a catalyst for globalization.
engine / motor
'der Motor' and 'der Katalysator' can both appear in a car and can also be used figuratively to talk about developments. In a car, the engine powers the vehicle. The catalytic converter, on the other hand, is a component that converts exhaust gases; it does not power the car. Figuratively, a 'Motor' can be the driving force in a project. A 'Katalysator' is more likely to trigger or accelerate a change. The words can be confused because both can be connected to cars and to progress. Remember: the engine moves things; the catalyst changes or accelerates them.
Nach dem Unfall musste der Katalysator in der Werkstatt ersetzt werden.
After the accident, the catalytic converter had to be replaced at the repair shop.
Sie lässt den Motor prüfen, weil das Auto beim Starten laut klingt.
She is having the engine checked because the car sounds loud when it starts.