kellern
to cellar
To bring something, especially wine, into a cellar for storage and aging.
Der Winzer kellert den neuen Jahrgang erst nach einigen Monaten ein.
The winemaker cellars the new vintage only after a few months.

to cellar / go to the cellar
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to cellar
To bring something, especially wine, into a cellar for storage and aging.
Der Winzer kellert den neuen Jahrgang erst nach einigen Monaten ein.
The winemaker cellars the new vintage only after a few months.

The verb 'kellern' (to cellar / go to the cellar) is derived directly from the noun 'der Keller' (the cellar). It describes an activity that takes place in the cellar or has to do with the cellar.
Wir müssen die Äpfel bald kellern, damit sie den Winter über halten.
We need to cellar the apples soon so they last through the winter.
In the meaning 'etwas zur Lagerung in den Keller bringen' (to bring something into the cellar for storage), the separable verb 'einkellern' (to cellar / store in a cellar) is used very often. It emphasizes the process of bringing something into the cellar.
Jeden Herbst kellern wir Kartoffeln und Wein für den Winter ein.
Every autumn we cellar potatoes and wine for the winter.
The meaning 'in den Keller gehen' (to go to the cellar) is colloquial. It is used in informal conversations as a shortened way of saying that someone is going to the cellar.
Kannst du kurz kellern und eine neue Flasche Saft holen?
Can you quickly go down to the cellar and get a new bottle of juice?
to store / camp
'lagern' and 'kellern' both have to do with storage. 'lagern' is the more general word: you can store almost anything, for example goods, furniture, or supplies, and the place does not have to be a cellar. 'kellern' is much more specific. It means bringing something, especially wine, into a cellar so that it can be stored or mature there. That is why 'kellern' only fits in certain situations. If the location or the maturation in the cellar is important, 'kellern' is more precise; otherwise, 'lagern' is more natural.

Der Winzer kellert den neuen Wein ein, damit er in Ruhe reifen kann.
The winemaker cellars the new wine so it can mature undisturbed.
Im Winter lagern wir die Gartenmöbel in der Garage.
In winter, we store the garden furniture in the garage.