complex
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complex
Consisting of many different, interconnected parts; complicated, multi-layered, and difficult to understand.
Die Regeln des Spiels sind so komplex, dass ich sie immer wieder vergesse.
The rules of the game are so complex that I keep forgetting them.
As an adjective, 'komplex' (complex) can stand before a noun or be used with verbs like 'sein' (to be), 'wirken' (to seem), or 'erscheinen' (to appear). It then describes a characteristic of the thing or situation.
Das ist ein sehr komplexes Thema.
That is a very complex topic.
'Komplex' (complex) is often used to describe abstract things. Typical nouns are 'ein komplexes System' (a complex system), 'ein komplexes Problem' (a complex problem), 'eine komplexe Aufgabe' (a complex task), or 'eine komplexe Struktur' (a complex structure).
Die Ingenieure arbeiten an einem sehr komplexen System.
The engineers are working on a very complex system.
The word 'komplex' (complex) belongs to a rather formal or educated register. It is often found in scientific, technical, or political texts.
Die politische Lage in der Region ist äußerst komplex.
The political situation in the region is extremely complex.
simple / just
'einfach' and 'komplex' are opposites here. 'einfach' is used when something is easy to understand or easy to do. 'komplex' is used when something consists of many parts and is harder to understand. This fits, for example, with tasks, problems, texts, or plans. A simple plan has few steps. A complex plan has many connections and details.
Das Problem ist komplex, weil viele verschiedene Abteilungen daran beteiligt sind.
The problem is complex because many different departments are involved.
Nach dem Unterricht erklärt mir Lisa die Regel noch einmal ganz einfach.
After class, Lisa explains the rule to me again in a very simple way.