to suffer
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to suffer from/under
To have physical or emotional pain because of an illness or a difficult situation. 'Leiden an' (to suffer from) is typically used for illnesses, while 'leiden unter' (to suffer under/from) refers to stressful circumstances.
Viele Menschen in der Stadt leiden unter dem ständigen Lärm.
Many people in the city suffer from the constant noise.
The verb 'leiden' (to suffer) forms the past irregularly and always uses the auxiliary verb 'haben' in the present perfect. The past participle form is 'gelitten'.
Er hat in seinem Leben viel gelitten.
He has suffered a lot in his life.
The preposition after 'leiden' (to suffer) is important. 'Leiden an' (+ dative) is almost always used for illnesses. 'Leiden unter' (+ dative) describes stressful circumstances or situations.
Sie leidet an einer seltenen Allergie.
She suffers from a rare allergy.
To express that you do not like someone or something, 'leiden' is used in the fixed expression 'nicht leiden können' (to not be able to stand). The negation 'nicht' and the modal verb 'können' are necessary here.
Ich kann diesen Geruch einfach nicht leiden.
I simply can't stand this smell.
When something loses quality, the cause is often given with the preposition 'unter' (+ dative). The subject is the thing that gets worse.
Die Freundschaft hat unter der langen Trennung gelitten.
The friendship suffered because of the long separation.
sick
'krank' and 'leiden' both have to do with illness, pain, or a serious burden. 'krank' describes a state: a person is not healthy. 'leiden' is a verb and emphasizes that someone is experiencing pain, sorrow, or problems. With illnesses, people often say 'an etwas leiden' (to suffer from something); with difficult circumstances, it is more often 'unter etwas leiden' (to suffer under/from something). Learners may confuse the words because both appear in health-related topics. In practical terms: you are 'krank', but you 'leidet an' an illness or 'leidet unter' a situation.
Seit dem Unfall leidet sie oft unter starken Rückenschmerzen.
Since the accident, she has often suffered from severe back pain.
Am Wochenende war mein Bruder krank und blieb im Bett.
My brother was sick over the weekend and stayed in bed.