monarchy
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monarchy
A form of government in which a single person, the monarch (e.g., king, empress), is the head of state for life or until abdication.
Großbritannien ist eine parlamentarische Monarchie.
Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy.
'Die Monarchie' (monarchy) belongs to a word family. 'Der Monarch' (the monarch) or 'die Monarchin' (the female monarch) is the person who rules, while 'die Monarchie' (monarchy) describes the system of government or the state. The related adjective is 'monarchistisch' (monarchist/monarchical).
Der Monarch repräsentiert das Land bei offiziellen Anlässen.
The monarch represents the country at official occasions.
To describe the type of monarchy, the word is often combined with adjectives. Common forms are 'die absolute Monarchie' (absolute monarchy), 'die konstitutionelle Monarchie' (constitutional monarchy), and 'die parlamentarische Monarchie' (parliamentary monarchy).
In einer konstitutionellen Monarchie ist die Macht des Monarchen durch eine Verfassung begrenzt.
In a constitutional monarchy, the monarch's power is limited by a constitution.
When a specific state is meant, 'Monarchie' (monarchy) is often used with an adjective or a genitive. Examples are 'die britische Monarchie' (the British monarchy) or 'die Monarchie von Spanien' (the monarchy of Spain).
Die spanische Monarchie hat eine lange und wechselvolle Geschichte.
The Spanish monarchy has a long and eventful history.
republic
'die Republik' and 'die Monarchie' both refer to forms of government, but they are direct opposites. In a republic, there is no king or queen as head of state; the head of state is elected for a certain period of time. In a monarchy, a monarch is the head of state, often for life. Learners may confuse the words because both appear in texts about states, politics, and history. The important question is: if there is an elected head of state and no monarch, 'Republik' fits. If there is a king, queen, emperor, or empress, 'Monarchie' fits.
In einer Monarchie kann eine Königin das Staatsoberhaupt sein.
In a monarchy, a queen can be the head of state.
Frankreich ist eine Republik, weil es keinen König als Staatsoberhaupt hat.
France is a republic because it does not have a king as head of state.