lease / rent
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lease
A contract in which someone receives the right to use something (e.g., a plot of land or a restaurant) in exchange for payment and to keep the proceeds generated from it. Unlike 'Miete' (rent), 'Pacht' includes the right to 'Fruchtziehung' (drawing profits or yields).
Er hat die Pacht für das Restaurant um weitere zehn Jahre verlängert.
He extended the lease for the restaurant by another ten years.
'Die Pacht' (lease/rent) is the noun related to the verb 'pachten' (to lease). When you lease something, you enter into a contract for the 'Pacht' (lease).
Er möchte für sein neues Restaurant eine Gaststätte pachten.
He wants to lease an inn for his new restaurant.
There are fixed expressions with prepositions that you should know: You can take something 'in Pacht nehmen' (to take on lease, as a lessee) or offer something 'zur Pacht anbieten' (to offer for lease, as a lessor).
Der junge Landwirt hat den Hof seiner Eltern in Pacht genommen.
The young farmer leased his parents' farm.
The verb tells you whether the contract (m01) or the money (m02) is meant. Verbs like 'abschließen' (to conclude), 'verlängern' (to extend), or 'auslaufen' (to expire) refer to the contract. Verbs like 'bezahlen' (to pay), 'erhöhen' (to raise), or 'schulden' (to owe) refer to the amount of money.
Wir müssen die Pacht für unser Gartenhaus verlängern.
We need to extend the lease for our garden house.
The concept of 'Pacht' (lease) always includes the right to generate profits from the leased thing. This applies to agricultural land (harvest), restaurants (revenue), or fishing rights (catches).
Die Pacht für das Ackerland erlaubt ihm, das geerntete Getreide zu verkaufen.
The lease for the farmland allows him to sell the harvested grain.
use / usage
'die Nutzung' and 'die Pacht' can both appear in connection with plots of land, buildings, or businesses. Even so, they do not mean the same thing. 'Nutzung' describes in general that someone is allowed to use something or does use it. 'Pacht' is a specific type of contract: you pay money and are allowed, for example, to use a plot of land or a restaurant and receive income from it. 'Pacht' can also mean the regular payment itself. The risk of confusion comes from the fact that a 'Pacht' always allows use. But not every use is a 'Pacht'.
Für das kleine Feld zahlt der Bauer jedes Jahr Pacht.
The farmer pays rent every year for the small field.
Die Nutzung des Gartens ist nur den Bewohnern des Hauses erlaubt.
Use of the garden is permitted only for the residents of the building.