reserve
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reserve
Something that is kept back for a later time or for emergencies, for example money, food, or material.
Für den Winter haben wir eine Reserve an Heizöl im Keller.
For the winter, we have a reserve of heating oil in the basement.
reserve
A person or thing that is kept ready as a replacement, especially in sports or the military.
Der verletzte Spieler wurde durch einen Mann von der Reserve ersetzt.
The injured player was replaced by a man from the reserves.
to draw out
To get someone to give up their usual restraint or emotional distance and show their true thoughts or feelings.
Mit einer provokanten Frage versuchte der Journalist, den Politiker aus der Reserve zu locken.
With a provocative question, the journalist tried to draw the politician out of his reserve.
reserve
In a military context, a troop unit that initially does not take part in combat but is kept ready for a later, decisive deployment.
Der General befahl, die strategische Reserve an die Front zu verlegen.
The general ordered the strategic reserve to be moved to the front.
The noun 'die Reserve' (reserve) belongs to the word family of the verb 'reservieren' (to reserve). A reserve is therefore something that is 'reserved' or held back for a later purpose.
Wir haben für die Reise etwas Geld reserviert.
We reserved some money for the trip.
When referring to supplies, people often speak of an 'eiserne Reserve' (emergency reserve) for absolute emergencies or of 'finanzielle Reserven' (financial reserves). Typical verbs are 'Reserven anlegen' (to build up reserves) or 'Reserven aufbrauchen' (to use up reserves).
Jede Familie sollte eine kleine eiserne Reserve an Lebensmitteln haben.
Every family should have a small emergency reserve of food.
In a sports context, substitute players often sit 'auf der Reservebank' (on the bench). You can also say that a player is 'in Reserve' (in reserve).
Der Stürmer saß die erste Halbzeit nur auf der Reservebank.
The striker spent the first half only on the bench.
The idiom 'jemanden aus der Reserve locken' (to draw someone out of their reserve) is very common. The person being provoked is always in the accusative.
Der Reporter versuchte, den schweigsamen Künstler aus der Reserve zu locken.
The reporter tried to draw the quiet artist out of his reserve.
You can recognize this meaning from typical military terms such as 'Truppen' (troops), 'General' (general), 'strategisch' (strategic), or 'an die Front' (to the front).
Der General hielt seine besten Truppen als strategische Reserve zurück.
The general held back his best troops as a strategic reserve.
replacement / compensation
Ersatz and Reserve can both refer to a person or thing intended for another. As Ersatz, it is actually used in the other person's or thing's place. As a Reserve, it is initially only kept ready for possible later use.
Falls Lea sich verletzt, steht Mia als Reserve bereit.
If Lea gets injured, Mia is ready as a reserve.
Nach Leas Verletzung spielt Mia als Ersatz für sie.
After Lea's injury, Mia plays in her place.
