residence
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official residence
The official residential and governmental seat of a head of state, monarch, or high dignitary such as a bishop or ambassador.
Die Würzburger Residenz gehört zum UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe.
The Würzburg Residence is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Careful: 'die Residenz' (residence) is not the same as the English “residence.” The English word can refer to any place where someone lives, while 'die Residenz' in German is used only for a very large, luxurious, or official residence.
Der Botschafter empfing die Gäste in seiner offiziellen Residenz.
The ambassador received the guests in his official residence.
'Residenz' (residence) is a word used in elevated language. It is used for splendid, prestigious buildings, but not for a normal house or an ordinary apartment.
Der Filmstar lebt in einer riesigen Residenz in den Hollywood Hills.
The movie star lives in a huge mansion in the Hollywood Hills.
In historical or official contexts, 'Residenz' (residence) is often combined with a city name to form a proper name or linked with the title of the resident. Examples are 'die Münchner Residenz' (the Munich Residence) or 'die Residenz des Bischofs' (the bishop's residence).
Bei unserem Besuch in Würzburg haben wir die Residenz besichtigt.
During our visit to Würzburg, we toured the Residence.
A very common and specific use of the word is 'die Seniorenresidenz' (senior residence). This refers to a high-quality and often expensive residential home for older people with many services.
Meine Großmutter ist vor einem Jahr in eine Seniorenresidenz am See gezogen.
My grandmother moved into a senior residence by the lake a year ago.
castle / lock
'das Schloss' and 'die Residenz' can both have to do with the residence of an important person. 'Schloss' mainly describes the type of building: large, impressive, and often historical. 'Residenz' emphasizes the function more: it is where a ruler, head of state, or another high-ranking person officially lives or works. So a Schloss can be a Residenz, but a Residenz is not always a Schloss. When talking about architecture or a trip, 'Schloss' sounds more natural. When the official seat is the focus, 'Residenz' is more precise.
Die Residenz des Botschafters liegt in einer ruhigen Straße.
The ambassador's residence is on a quiet street.
Das Schloss auf dem Hügel ist heute ein Museum.
The castle on the hill is now a museum.