pest
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pest
An animal, plant, or microorganism that is harmful to humans, their livestock, crops, or materials.
Der Borkenkäfer ist ein gefährlicher Schädling für Fichtenwälder.
The bark beetle is a dangerous pest for spruce forests.
The word is derived from 'der Schaden' (damage). The ending '-ling' is often used for masculine nouns and here describes a person or animal that causes harm.
Diese Insekten sind ein großer Schädling für die Landwirtschaft.
These insects are a major pest for agriculture.
In a biological context, people often talk about 'Schädlinge bekämpfen' (to control pests) or using 'ein Mittel gegen Schädlinge' (a remedy/product against pests). Combining it with the field is also common, e.g. 'Forstschädlinge' (forest pests) or 'Agrarschädlinge' (agricultural pests).
Gärtner suchen oft nach natürlichen Mitteln gegen Schädlinge.
Gardeners often look for natural remedies against pests.
Calling a person a 'Schädling' (pest/vermin) is extremely derogatory and dehumanizing. This term is mainly used in extremist propaganda and is absolutely taboo in neutral or respectful discussion.
Die Verwendung des Wortes „Schädling“ für Menschen ist ein Merkmal totalitärer Sprache.
Using the word 'Schädling' (pest/vermin) for people is a feature of totalitarian language.
insect
'das Insekt' and 'der Schädling' can refer to the same animal, but they do not say the same thing. 'Insekt' describes a group of animals, for example a bee, ant, or fly. 'Schädling' describes the fact that an animal, plant, or microorganism causes damage, such as to plants, food, or material. Many pests are insects, but not every insect is a pest. A bee is an insect, but normally not a pest. There is a risk of confusion because small animals in the house or garden are often immediately seen as harmful.
Im Apfelbaum frisst ein Schädling die jungen Blätter an.
In the apple tree, a pest is nibbling at the young leaves.
Beim Wandern landet ein Insekt auf meiner Jacke.
While hiking, an insect lands on my jacket.