sharpness
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spiciness
The quality of foods that causes a burning sensation in the mouth through spices such as chili or pepper.
Ich mag die Schärfe von thailändischem Essen, aber das hier ist mir zu viel.
I like the spiciness of Thai food, but this is too much for me.
'Die Schärfe' (sharpness) is the noun corresponding to the adjective 'scharf' (sharp/spicy). All meanings of 'Schärfe' can be derived from the corresponding meanings of 'scharf' (e.g., spicy food, a sharp knife, a sharp image, sharp criticism).
Sei vorsichtig, das Messer ist sehr scharf.
Be careful, the knife is very sharp.
In connection with food, people often talk about the 'Schärfe von Chili' (spiciness of chili) or the 'Schärfe eines Gerichts' (spiciness of a dish). Typical verbs are 'mögen' (to like), 'vertragen' (to tolerate), or 'mildern' (to tone down).
Ich vertrage die Schärfe von Jalapeños nicht so gut.
I don't tolerate the spiciness of jalapeños very well.
With objects, 'Schärfe' (sharpness) usually refers to blades. People talk about the 'Schärfe eines Messers' (sharpness of a knife) or 'einer Klinge' (of a blade). A knife can also 'an Schärfe verlieren' (lose sharpness).
Nach jahrelangem Gebrauch hat die Klinge an Schärfe verloren.
After years of use, the blade has lost sharpness.
In an optical context, people talk about the 'Schärfe eines Bildes' (sharpness of an image), 'eines Fotos' (of a photo), or 'eines Displays' (of a display). Typical verbs here are 'einstellen' (to set/adjust), 'anpassen' (to adjust), or 'verbessern' (to improve).
Die Kamera hat Probleme, bei wenig Licht die richtige Schärfe zu finden.
The camera has trouble finding the right sharpness in low light.
In an abstract, intellectual meaning, 'Schärfe' (acuity) describes the precision and clarity of thoughts or words. People talk about the 'Schärfe einer Analyse' (acuity of an analysis) or 'des Verstandes' (of the mind).
Die Professorin war bekannt für die Schärfe ihrer Argumente.
The professor was known for the acuity of her arguments.
With reference to communication, 'Schärfe' (harshness) describes a hard, strict, or unfriendly tone. People then talk about the 'Schärfe in der Stimme' (harshness in the voice) or the 'Schärfe der Kritik' (harshness of the criticism).
Die unerwartete Schärfe seiner Antwort erschreckte mich.
The unexpected harshness of his answer frightened me.
dissolution / solution / resolution
'die Auflösung' and 'die Schärfe' can both describe the quality of an image. 'Auflösung' says how many details a digital image or a screen can show, often in pixels. 'Schärfe' describes how clear the outlines appear and whether the image is not blurry. The words can be confused because an image with high resolution often also looks good. But they are not the same thing: a photo can have many pixels and still be out of focus.
Beim Termin prüfte Mara die Schärfe des Bildes auf dem Monitor.
During the appointment, Mara checked the sharpness of the image on the monitor.
Für den großen Bildschirm brauchen wir ein Foto mit hoher Auflösung.
For the large screen, we need a high-resolution photo.