To gradually become less, smaller, or weaker; to decrease or fade away. Refers to concrete things like supplies or abstract things like hope or strength.
example
Nach der langen Wanderung schwanden seine Kräfte zusehends.
After the long hike, his strength visibly dwindled.
Usage tips
Perfect tense with 'sein'
The perfect tense of 'schwinden' (to dwindle/fade) is always formed with the auxiliary verb 'sein' (ist geschwunden). The verb describes a change or gradual disappearance, which requires the use of 'sein'.
EXAMPLE
Meine Motivation für den Sport ist in den letzten Wochen etwas geschwunden.
My motivation for sports has dwindled somewhat in recent weeks.
Typical subjects
'Schwinden' (to dwindle) is often used with abstract things that slowly become less. Typical subjects are: 'die Hoffnung' (hope), 'die Kräfte' (strength), 'das Licht' (light), 'das Interesse' (interest), or 'das Vertrauen' (trust).
EXAMPLE
Mit der Zeit schwand ihr Interesse an dem Hobby.
Over time, her interest in the hobby dwindled.
Elevated style
In the meaning of 'aus dem Blickfeld verschwinden' (to disappear from view), 'schwinden' (to fade from view) belongs to an elevated, literary, or poetic style. In normal everyday life, you will rarely hear it used in this sense.
EXAMPLE
Das Schiff schwand am Horizont.
The ship faded from view on the horizon.
Compare with
near_synonym
schwinden vs verlassen
to leave / rely
'verlassen' and 'schwinden' can both be used with things like hope, courage, or strength. 'schwinden' emphasizes that something is slowly becoming less or weaker. 'verlassen' sounds more as if a positive force or state no longer supports a person. 'schwinden' works well when you are describing the slow process. 'verlassen' works well when you say that someone no longer has courage, hope, or strength.
schwinden
Nach vielen Absagen schwindet ihre Hoffnung auf eine schnelle Antwort.
After many rejections, her hope for a quick reply is dwindling.
verlassen
Kurz vor der Prüfung verließ Mehmet plötzlich der Mut.
Shortly before the exam, Mehmet suddenly lost his courage.