die Show
show
A public performance or entertainment program, for example in the theater, on television, or at a concert.
Am Samstagabend läuft im Fernsehen meine Lieblings-Show.
My favorite show is on TV on Saturday evening.

show
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show
A public performance or entertainment program, for example in the theater, on television, or at a concert.
Am Samstagabend läuft im Fernsehen meine Lieblings-Show.
My favorite show is on TV on Saturday evening.

The verbs in the sentence help you recognize the meaning. 'Eine Show machen' (to make a fuss / put on a show) or 'eine Show abziehen' (to put on a show) usually means exaggerated behavior. 'Eine Show sehen' (to see a show), 'besuchen' (to attend), or 'moderieren' (to host) refers to a performance.
Hör auf, so eine Show zu machen, es ist nichts passiert!
Stop making such a fuss; nothing happened!
When it is about exaggerated behavior, 'Show' (show/fuss) is often used with the verbs 'machen' (to make/do) or 'abziehen' (to pull off / put on). The phrase 'eine riesige Show machen' (to make a huge fuss) emphasizes the exaggeration.
Wegen einer kleinen Erkältung musst du nicht so eine Show abziehen.
You don't have to make such a fuss over a small cold.
The idiom 'jemandem die Show stehlen' (to steal the show from someone) is very common. The person whose attention is taken away is always in the dative.
Der kleine Hund stahl allen Schauspielern auf der Bühne die Show.
The little dog stole the show from all the actors on stage.
theater
'die Show' and 'das Theater' can both have to do with performances and entertainment. A 'Show' is often an entertaining event or program, for example with music, guests, or special effects. 'Theater' usually means the building, the art form, or a stage play. Both words also have a figurative meaning: 'Show' can mean fake or attention-grabbing behavior, while 'Theater' more often means exaggerated arguing or unnecessary fuss. They can be confused because both can take place on a stage. For the building or classical drama, 'Theater' fits better; for modern entertainment or television, 'Show' is more likely.

Die Show im Fernsehen hatte viele Gäste und laute Musik.
The show on TV had many guests and loud music.
Nach dem Kurs gehen wir ins Theater und sehen ein Stück.
After the course, we're going to the theater to see a play.