socialism
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socialism
A political and economic ideology that aims for a social order in which the means of production (e.g. factories, land) are collectively owned and a fair distribution of goods and opportunities is central.
Die theoretischen Grundlagen des Sozialismus wurden maßgeblich von Karl Marx und Friedrich Engels entwickelt.
The theoretical foundations of socialism were developed significantly by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
socialism
A term for a political system or state that is based on socialist principles or claims to be. Often used for historical states of the 20th century.
Ihre Eltern sind noch im real existierenden Sozialismus der DDR aufgewachsen.
Her parents grew up under the actually existing socialism of the GDR.
The ending '-ismus' in German often indicates a political, philosophical, or scientific doctrine or ideology. Other examples are Kapitalismus (capitalism), Feminismus (feminism), or Idealismus (idealism).
Im Philosophieunterricht haben wir verschiedene Strömungen des Idealismus besprochen.
In philosophy class, we discussed various currents of idealism.
The word family includes the adjective 'sozialistisch' (socialist / socialistic), e.g. 'eine sozialistische Partei' (a socialist party), and the terms for people 'der Sozialist' (the male socialist) and 'die Sozialistin' (the female socialist).
Er vertritt seit seiner Jugend sozialistische Ideen.
He has represented socialist ideas since his youth.
When a specific historical state is being referred to, this is often made clear by additions such as 'der real existierende Sozialismus' (actually existing socialism) or a clear geographical reference, e.g. 'der Sozialismus in der DDR' (socialism in the GDR).
Viele Bücher beschreiben das Alltagsleben im real existierenden Sozialismus.
Many books describe everyday life under actually existing socialism.
When 'Sozialismus' (socialism) refers to the ideology, it is often combined with nouns such as 'Theorie' (theory), 'Grundlagen' (foundations), 'Ideen' (ideas), or 'Kritik' (criticism). For example, people speak of the 'Theorie des Sozialismus' (the theory of socialism).
Die Kritik am Sozialismus ist vielfältig.
Criticism of socialism is varied.
communism
Both words refer to political and economic ideas involving collective ownership of the means of production. Sozialismus is the broader term for such a social order with fair distribution, while Kommunismus particularly emphasizes the classless society as the ultimate goal. Use Kommunismus when this more far-reaching goal is meant.
Die Bewegung forderte Sozialismus und eine gerechtere Verteilung von Gütern und Chancen.
The movement called for socialism and a fairer distribution of goods and opportunities.
Die Gruppe sah im Kommunismus das Ziel einer klassenlosen Gesellschaft.
The group saw communism as the goal of a classless society.
