system
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system
An ordered whole made up of elements that are connected with one another and function as a unit. This can refer to technical, social, biological, or conceptual structures.
Das Immunsystem schützt den Körper vor Krankheiten.
The immune system protects the body from diseases.
The context makes clear which meaning of 'System' (system) is intended. Scientific terms, e.g. 'biologisch' (biological) or 'chemisch' (chemical), point to a structure. Words like 'Organisation' (organization) or 'Plan' (plan) point to a method. Political terms, e.g. 'Regierung' (government) or 'Protest' (protest), point to the social order.
Das Sonnensystem hat acht Planeten.
The solar system has eight planets.
In the meaning of 'structure', 'System' is very often used in scientific and technical fields. Common combinations are 'das Nervensystem' (the nervous system), 'das Immunsystem' (the immune system), or 'das Betriebssystem' (the operating system) of a computer.
Nach dem Update funktionierte das Betriebssystem viel schneller.
After the update, the operating system worked much faster.
When referring to a method, 'System' is often used in fixed expressions. Typical ones are 'System in etwas bringen' (to bring order to something) or 'etwas hat System' (something is systematic/planned, not random).
Du solltest endlich mal System in deine Unterlagen bringen.
You should finally bring some order to your documents.
When 'das System' (the system) is used without further description in a political or social context, it often has a negative or critical meaning. It then refers to the established power structures, often perceived as rigid.
Die Aktivisten kämpfen für eine Veränderung des Systems.
The activists are fighting for a change to the system.
order
'das System' and 'die Ordnung' both have to do with structure. 'System' more often means that several parts belong together and function according to a certain logic, for example a computer system or a learning system. 'Ordnung' can mean that things are tidy or in a suitable order. But it can also mean a set of rules or a fixed structure. That is why the words can be confused. In practical terms: 'System' emphasizes how the parts function, while 'Ordnung' emphasizes the ordered state, the sequence, or the rules.
Mit diesem System findet Mehmet im Lager jedes Produkt schnell.
With this system, Mehmet can quickly find every product in the warehouse.
Nach der Arbeit bringe ich Ordnung auf meinen Schreibtisch.
After work, I tidy up my desk.