turbulence
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turbulence
Strong, irregular air movements that lead to noticeable shaking of an airplane, especially in aviation.
Der Pilot kündigte an, dass wir in ein Gebiet mit starken Turbulenzen einfliegen würden.
The pilot announced that we would be flying into an area with strong turbulence.
turmoil
A period or situation marked by unrest, conflicts, or great uncertainty.
Nach dem Rücktritt des Geschäftsführers gab es im Unternehmen einige Turbulenzen.
After the managing director's resignation, there was some turmoil in the company.
turbulence
In physics, a form of flow in liquids or gases characterized by chaotic, swirling movements.
Die Forscher untersuchen die Entstehung von Turbulenz hinter dem Brückenpfeiler.
The researchers are investigating the formation of turbulence behind the bridge pier.
'Turbulenz' (turbulence) is an international word that comes from Latin. The ending '-enz' is typical for abstract nouns in German, such as 'Existenz' (existence) or 'Konsequenz' (consequence).
Die Frequenz der Turbulenzen hat in den letzten Jahren zugenommen.
The frequency of turbulence has increased in recent years.
You can easily recognize the meaning from context. In connection with 'Flugzeug' (airplane), 'fliegen' (to fly), or 'Pilot' (pilot), it refers to air movements. In texts about 'Politik' (politics), 'Wirtschaft' (the economy), or 'Beziehungen' (relationships), the figurative meaning of unrest is meant.
Während des Flugs gab es leichte Turbulenzen.
There was light turbulence during the flight.
In the context of aviation, 'Turbulenz' (turbulence) is often combined with adjectives like 'stark' (strong), 'leicht' (light), or 'unerwartet' (unexpected). A typical phrase is also 'in Turbulenzen geraten' (to hit turbulence).
Das Flugzeug geriet unerwartet in starke Turbulenzen.
The airplane unexpectedly hit strong turbulence.
In the figurative meaning, the word is very frequently used in the plural 'Turbulenzen' (turmoil/turbulences). This describes a series of unsettled events or a phase of instability.
Nach der Ankündigung gab es Turbulenzen an der Börse.
After the announcement, there was turmoil on the stock market.
In the figurative meaning, combinations such as 'politische Turbulenzen' (political turmoil), 'wirtschaftliche Turbulenzen' (economic turmoil), or 'persönliche Turbulenzen' (personal turmoil) are common. The verb 'sorgen für' (to cause/lead to) is often used.
Der Skandal sorgte für erhebliche Turbulenzen in der Partei.
The scandal caused considerable turmoil within the party.
The physical meaning of 'Turbulenz' (turbulence) as chaotic flow is purely technical language. It is used almost exclusively in scientific or technical texts.
Das Experiment visualisiert die Turbulenz in der Wasserströmung.
The experiment visualizes the turbulence in the water flow.
unrest
Unruhe and Turbulenz can describe a politically unstable situation. Unruhe emphasizes public disturbances, protests, or riots. Turbulenz is usually used in the plural and highlights a changeable period marked by conflicts and great uncertainty.
Nach der Wahl sorgten wechselnde Bündnisse für politische Turbulenzen in der Hauptstadt.
After the election, shifting alliances caused political turmoil in the capital.
Nach der Wahl sorgten anhaltende Proteste für Unruhe in der Hauptstadt.
After the election, ongoing protests caused unrest in the capital.
