excess weight / predominance
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excess weight
A body weight that is above what is considered normal or healthy.
Der Arzt hat ihm geraten, sein Übergewicht durch mehr Bewegung zu reduzieren.
The doctor advised him to reduce his excess weight through more exercise.
The word is made up of the prefix 'über' (over/above) and the noun 'das Gewicht' (weight). So it literally describes a weight that is 'above' what is normal or desired.
Ein deutliches Übergewicht kann die Gesundheit belasten.
Significant excess weight can put a strain on health.
You can recognize the meaning from the context. If people are talking about health, nutrition, or the body, it refers to body weight. In discussions about ideas, arguments, or groups, it is about dominance.
Er hat leichtes Übergewicht und möchte abnehmen.
He is slightly overweight and wants to lose weight.
In a medical context, the word is often combined with verbs like 'haben' (to have), 'abbauen' (to reduce), 'reduzieren' (to reduce), or 'vermeiden' (to avoid).
Viele Menschen versuchen, ihr Übergewicht zu reduzieren.
Many people try to reduce their excess weight.
In the abstract meaning, the structure 'ein Übergewicht an/von etwas haben' (to have a predominance of something) is often used to describe what there is too much of.
Die Mannschaft hat ein klares Übergewicht an erfahrenen Spielern.
The team has a clear predominance of experienced players.
dominance
'die Dominanz' and 'das Übergewicht' can both express that one side is more important, stronger, or more influential than another. 'Dominanz' sounds more like rule, control, or clear dominance. 'Übergewicht' here does not mean body weight, but rather that one thing has more weight or greater importance than another. It often sounds somewhat more objective and less forceful than 'Dominanz'. In politics, sports, or competition, 'Dominanz' fits well. When saying that an argument, topic, or influence counts more strongly, 'Übergewicht' can sound more natural.
In der Diskussion bekam das Thema Sicherheit ein deutliches Übergewicht.
In the discussion, the topic of safety gained clear predominance.
Die Dominanz des großen Unternehmens macht es kleinen Firmen schwer.
The dominance of the large company makes things difficult for small businesses.