superiority
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superiority
The state of being better, stronger, or more highly developed than others in a particular respect, such as strength, ability, knowledge, or quality.
Die technische Überlegenheit ihres Produkts sicherte der Firma den Markterfolg.
The technical superiority of their product secured the company's success in the market.
superiority
An arrogant or condescending attitude that comes from the feeling of being superior to others.
Er behandelte seine Kollegen mit einer unerträglichen Überlegenheit.
He treated his colleagues with an unbearable superiority.
'Die Überlegenheit' is the noun related to the adjective 'überlegen' (superior). If you know that 'überlegen' means 'superior', you can easily derive the meaning of the noun.
Die Mannschaft war dem Gegner in allen Belangen überlegen.
The team was superior to its opponent in every respect.
'Überlegenheit' (superiority) is often specified by an adjective that names the area of strength. Common combinations are 'technische Überlegenheit' (technical superiority), 'militärische Überlegenheit' (military superiority), 'wirtschaftliche Überlegenheit' (economic superiority), or 'zahlenmäßige Überlegenheit' (numerical superiority).
Die zahlenmäßige Überlegenheit der gegnerischen Armee war erdrückend.
The numerical superiority of the opposing army was overwhelming.
The context shows whether objective strength (m01) or arrogant behavior (m02) is meant. If the word refers to facts such as technology or numbers, it is neutral. If it describes a person's behavior, it is negative.
Die technische Überlegenheit des neuen Modells ist offensichtlich.
The technical superiority of the new model is obvious.
dominance
Dominanz and Überlegenheit both describe an advantage over others. Überlegenheit mainly refers to someone being better at a particular skill or possessing a particular quality to a greater degree. Dominanz often additionally emphasizes that someone visibly controls what is happening or dominates an area.
Die Überlegenheit der Spielerin zeigte sich besonders bei ihren schnellen Aufschlägen.
The player’s superiority was especially evident in her fast serves.
Die Dominanz der Spielerin zeigte sich darin, dass sie das ganze Match bestimmte.
The player’s dominance was evident in the way she controlled the entire match.
