excessive
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excessive
Describing a degree or extent that is greater than normal, appropriate, or healthy; excessive.
Übermäßiger Zuckerkonsum kann zu gesundheitlichen Problemen führen.
Excessive sugar consumption can lead to health problems.
The word is easy to understand if you look at its parts: 'über' (too much) + 'Maß' (the right measure) + '-ig' (adjective ending). So it literally means 'above the normal measure.'
Sein Verhalten war übermäßig und für alle peinlich.
His behavior was excessive and embarrassing for everyone.
'Übermäßig' (excessive) almost always has a negative connotation. It does not just describe a large amount, but implies that this amount is too large and therefore unhealthy, inappropriate, or harmful.
Er leidet unter übermäßigem Stress bei der Arbeit.
He suffers from excessive stress at work.
'Übermäßig' (excessive/excessively) can not only stand before a noun, but can also be used as an adverb to modify a verb or adjective. It then means 'in an excessive way.'
Sie freute sich übermäßig über das kleine Geschenk.
She was excessively happy about the small gift.
to / too / closed
'zu' and 'übermäßig' both describe a degree that is greater than would be good or appropriate. 'zu' comes directly before an adjective or adverb and is very common in everyday language: 'zu schnell' (too fast), 'zu viel' (too much), 'zu laut' (too loud). 'übermäßig' sounds stronger and often a little more formal. It fits especially well when speaking generally about an excessive extent, for example 'übermäßiger Stress' (excessive stress) or 'übermäßiger Lärm' (excessive noise). So 'zu' is the simple form for concrete situations. 'übermäßig' feels more precise when describing a behavior, amount, or burden as clearly too great.
Wegen des übermäßigen Lärms können die Kinder nicht schlafen.
Because of the excessive noise, the children can't sleep.
Mein Bruder isst zu schnell, wenn er wenig Zeit hat.
My brother eats too quickly when he doesn't have much time.