by the way
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by the way
Introduces additional information or a new thought that is not directly connected to what was said before. It is used to mention something casually.
Wir gehen heute Abend ins Kino. Übrigens, hast du schon von Maria gehört?
We're going to the movies tonight. By the way, have you heard from Maria yet?
'Übrigens' (by the way) is derived from the adjective 'übrig' (left over). It refers to a thought that additionally occurs to you, almost like a 'remainder' or something 'left over' in a conversation.
Wir haben noch Suppe vom Abendessen übrig.
We still have some soup left over from dinner.
'Übrigens' (by the way) is flexible. It can stand before the main clause (separated by a comma), in position 1 (with the verb in position 2), or inside the sentence.
Übrigens, das Konzert war super!
By the way, the concert was great!
You use 'übrigens' (by the way) to introduce a new thought that has just occurred to you and does not necessarily belong to the main topic. This makes it sound very natural and spontaneous.
Ich muss morgen früher aufstehen. Ach übrigens, dein neues Hemd steht dir sehr gut.
I have to get up earlier tomorrow. Oh, by the way, your new shirt looks really good on you.
also / besides
Außerdem adds a relevant point or another argument to the topic so far. Übrigens more often introduces an incidental piece of information or a new thought that is not directly related. Use außerdem for giving a reason and übrigens for an aside.
Der Kurs beginnt morgen; übrigens fährt Jana dieses Mal auch mit.
The course starts tomorrow; by the way, Jana is coming along this time too.
Der Kurs ist günstig und außerdem gut mit dem Bus erreichbar.
The course is inexpensive and is also easy to reach by bus.
