presence
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presence / existence
The fact that something or someone exists or is present in a particular place.
Das Vorhandensein von Wasser ist eine Grundvoraussetzung für Leben.
The presence of water is a basic prerequisite for life.
'Das Vorhandensein' (presence/existence) is the nominalization of the expression 'vorhanden sein' (to exist or to be there). It describes the state of something existing.
Das bloße Vorhandensein einer Waffe macht die Situation gefährlich.
The mere presence of a weapon makes the situation dangerous.
To say what is present, you usually use the preposition 'von' with the dative. In very formal language, the genitive can also be used.
Der Test prüft das Vorhandensein von Antikörpern im Blut.
The test checks for the presence of antibodies in the blood.
This word belongs to technical and written language. It is used mainly in scientific, technical, or legal texts to speak precisely about the existence of something.
Das Vorhandensein von seltenen Metallen wurde bestätigt.
The presence of rare metals was confirmed.
Common verbs combined with 'Vorhandensein' (presence/existence) are 'nachweisen' (to prove/detect), 'prüfen' (to check), 'bestätigen' (to confirm), or 'feststellen' (to determine).
Mit diesem Verfahren kann man das Vorhandensein kleinster Spuren nachweisen.
With this procedure, one can detect the presence of even the smallest traces.
present / presence
'die Gegenwart' and 'das Vorhandensein' can both express that someone or something is there. However, 'Gegenwart' is used mainly for people or for the present time. For example, you say 'in ihrer Gegenwart' (in her presence) when a person is present. 'Vorhandensein' sounds more factual and means the fact that something exists or is present in a place, often with things, information, or conditions. The words can be confused because both have to do with 'being there'. For people in a situation, 'Gegenwart' often fits; for the mere existence of something, 'Vorhandensein' is usually more appropriate.
Das Vorhandensein eines gültigen Ausweises wird am Eingang geprüft.
The presence of a valid ID is checked at the entrance.
In Gegenwart der Lehrerin sprechen die Kinder leiser.
In the teacher's presence, the children speak more quietly.