tsar
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tsar
The title of the monarch in the Russian Empire until 1917, as well as in some other Slavic countries such as Bulgaria and Serbia in the Middle Ages.
Der letzte russische Zar und seine Familie wurden 1918 hingerichtet.
The last Russian tsar and his family were executed in 1918.
czar
A person who exercises very great, almost absolute power and control in a particular area.
In der Modewelt galt er als unangefochtener Zar des guten Geschmacks.
In the fashion world, he was considered the undisputed czar of good taste.
You can recognize the historical meaning (m01) from a context referring to the history of Russia, Bulgaria, or Serbia. The figurative meaning (m02) is used for powerful people in modern business or culture.
Im Geschichtsunterricht lernten wir über den russischen Zaren Peter den Großen.
In history class, we learned about the Russian tsar Peter the Great.
The word 'Zar' (tsar) comes from the Russian title 'царь' (tsar), which in turn goes back to the Roman title 'Caesar'. This underlines its historical meaning as the highest ruler.
Iwan der Schreckliche war der erste russische Herrscher, der sich zum Zaren krönen ließ.
Ivan the Terrible was the first Russian ruler to have himself crowned tsar.
In the figurative meaning, 'Zar' (czar) describes a person with very great, almost unchecked power in a particular area. The term often has a slightly critical or at least very strong undertone.
Als Medien-Zar kontrolliert er mehrere große Zeitungen und Fernsehsender.
As a media czar, he controls several major newspapers and television stations.
emperor / Kaiser roll
Kaiser and Zar both refer to a male ruler ranked above a king. „Kaiser“ is the general title for this rank, while „Zar“ is the traditional title of the ruler of the Russian Empire and some other countries. In a Russian historical context, „Zar“ is therefore usually the more appropriate term.
Der Zar regierte das Russische Kaiserreich bis 1917.
The tsar ruled the Russian Empire until 1917.
Der Kaiser war in diesem Text allgemein als Herrscher eines Kaiserreichs bezeichnet.
In this text, the emperor was described generally as the ruler of an empire.
