cynicism
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cynicism
An attitude that questions human sincerity and morality and is often expressed through biting mockery. Cynics often assume that others have selfish motives.
Sein ständiger Zynismus macht es schwer, eine ernsthafte Diskussion mit ihm zu führen.
His constant cynicism makes it hard to have a serious discussion with him.
'Der Zynismus' (cynicism) is the noun for the attitude. The corresponding person is 'der Zyniker' (or 'die Zynikerin') (the cynic), and the quality is described with the adjective 'zynisch' (cynical).
Seine zynische Bemerkung verletzte sie.
Her cynical remark hurt her.
'Zynismus' (cynicism) is often used with prepositions that express an attitude. Typical phrases are 'ein Hauch von Zynismus' (a hint of cynicism), 'voller Zynismus' (full of cynicism), or to comment on something 'mit Zynismus' (with cynicism).
Er erträgt sein Schicksal mit einer Mischung aus Humor und Zynismus.
He endures his fate with a mixture of humor and cynicism.
The word has a strongly negative connotation. It describes not just irony or mockery, but a deeply pessimistic and contemptuous worldview.
Politischer Zynismus kann das Vertrauen in die Demokratie untergraben.
Political cynicism can undermine trust in democracy.
realism
'der Realismus' and 'der Zynismus' can both describe an attitude toward reality. 'Realismus' means that you view a situation soberly and are guided by facts and by what is feasible. 'Zynismus' goes further and often sounds negative: you do not believe in good intentions and speak mockingly or hurtfully about morality and sincerity. Learners may confuse the words because both can seem non-naive or non-idealistic. But realism is factual, while cynicism is often bitter and disparaging.
Die Lehrerin kritisiert den Zynismus, weil einige über die Hilfe für andere nur lachen.
The teacher criticizes the cynicism because some people only laugh at helping others.
Wegen des schlechten Wetters zeigt sie Realismus und plant die Reise kürzer.
Because of the bad weather, she shows realism and plans a shorter trip.