antibiotic
das Antibiotikum, die Antibiotika
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antibiotic
A medication used to treat bacterial infections by killing bacteria or inhibiting their growth.
Der Arzt hat mir ein Antibiotikum gegen die Mandelentzündung verschrieben.
The doctor prescribed me an antibiotic for the tonsillitis.
| gender | neuter das |
|---|---|
| plural | die Antibiotika |
| genitive | des Antibiotikums |
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | das Antibiotikum | die Antibiotika |
| accusative | das Antibiotikum | die Antibiotika |
| dative | dem Antibiotikum | den Antibiotika |
| genitive | des Antibiotikums | der Antibiotika |
The article changes with the case; it is shown in colour.
The word comes from Greek: 'anti' means 'against' and 'bios' means 'life'. An 'Antibiotikum' (antibiotic) is therefore a substance that works 'against the life' of bacteria. This origin helps you remember the meaning.
Antibiotika sind nur gegen Bakterien wirksam, nicht gegen Viren.
Antibiotics are effective only against bacteria, not against viruses.
In connection with antibiotics, there are fixed roles: the doctor 'verschreibt' (prescribes) an antibiotic. The patient 'bekommt' (gets) it, 'nimmt' (takes) it, or 'nimmt es ein' (takes/ingests it).
Du musst das Antibiotikum genau nach Vorschrift einnehmen.
You have to take the antibiotic exactly as prescribed.
Die Ärztin hat mir ein starkes Antibiotikum verschrieben.
The doctor prescribed me a strong antibiotic.
To state the purpose of the medication, the preposition 'gegen' (against/for) is used with the accusative. You take an antibiotic 'gegen' a disease or 'gegen' the bacteria causing it.
Ich nehme ein Antibiotikum gegen eine bakterielle Infektion.
I am taking an antibiotic for a bacterial infection.
