
die Aufladung
charging
The process in which a battery or electronic device is supplied with electrical energy.
Die Aufladung meines Handys dauert ungefähr zwei Stunden.
Charging my phone takes about two hours.
charging / supercharging
Loading your saved state.

charging
The process in which a battery or electronic device is supplied with electrical energy.
Die Aufladung meines Handys dauert ungefähr zwei Stunden.
Charging my phone takes about two hours.

supercharging
The increase in the power of a combustion engine by compressing the supplied air, e.g. using a turbocharger.
Moderne Dieselmotoren erzielen ihre hohe Effizienz oft durch eine Turbo-Aufladung.
Modern diesel engines often achieve their high efficiency through turbocharging.

charging
The physical process in which an object receives an electric charge.
Durch die Reibung des Pullovers am Ballon entsteht eine statische Aufladung.
The friction of the sweater against the balloon creates a static charge.

emotional charge
The enrichment of a topic, situation, or concept with additional, often emotional or ideological, meaning.
Die emotionale Aufladung der Debatte machte eine sachliche Lösung unmöglich.
The emotional charge of the debate made a factual solution impossible.
'Aufladung' (charging) is the nominalization of the separable verb 'aufladen' (to charge/load up). The basic meaning of 'filling something with energy or content' appears in all meanings, from a battery to an emotional debate.
Ich muss mein Handy dringend aufladen.
I urgently need to charge my phone.
In everyday life, 'Aufladung' (charging) is mostly used in connection with electronic devices. Typical phrases are 'die Aufladung des Akkus' (charging the battery), 'des Handys' (of the phone), or 'des Laptops' (of the laptop).
Die Aufladung des E-Autos dauert an dieser Säule nur 30 Minuten.
Charging the electric car takes only 30 minutes at this charging station.
In a physics context, the most common and important collocation is 'statische Aufladung' (static charge). This describes the phenomenon you can feel, for example, when clothing rubs together.
Durch die trockene Heizungsluft kommt es im Winter oft zu statischer Aufladung.
Because of the dry heated air, static charge often occurs in winter.
This meaning is metaphorical. People speak of an 'emotionale', 'politische', or 'ideologische' Aufladung (emotional, political, or ideological charge) when a topic takes on more than just factual meaning.
Die politische Aufladung des Themas erschwert eine vernünftige Diskussion.
The political charge of the topic makes a reasonable discussion more difficult.
cargo / charge / summons
Both words can be used in connection with a battery. Aufladung refers to the process of supplying electrical energy, while Ladung more often means the amount of energy stored afterward. Use Aufladung when talking about connecting the device and Ladung when talking about its current state.

Die Aufladung des Akkus beginnt, sobald ich das Ladegerät anschließe.
The battery starts charging as soon as I connect the charger.
Die Ladung des Akkus reicht noch für mehrere Stunden.
The battery's charge will last for several more hours.