armament / upgrade
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armament
The expansion and modernization of a state's military equipment, especially through the acquisition of new weapons and technologies.
Die politische Spannung führte zu einer massiven Aufrüstung beider Länder.
The political tension led to massive armament in both countries.
upgrade
The improvement or modernization of technical devices, facilities, or systems in order to bring them up to a newer standard.
Die Firma plant die technische Aufrüstung der alten Produktionshalle.
The company is planning the technical upgrade of the old production hall.
'Aufrüstung' (armament/upgrade) is the nominalization of the separable verb 'aufrüsten' (to arm/up, to upgrade). The verb means to improve or increase equipment. The ending '-ung' describes the process or result of this action.
Der Staat will das Militär aufrüsten.
The state wants to arm up the military.
The context makes the meaning clear. If it is about the military, weapons, or states, the military meaning is intended. If it is about computers, machines, or technology, it means technical modernization.
Die Aufrüstung der Armee beunruhigte die Nachbarländer.
The armament of the army worried the neighboring countries.
In a military context, 'Aufrüstung' (armament) is often combined with adjectives such as 'nuklear' (nuclear), 'militärisch' (military), or 'konventionell' (conventional). A well-known phrase is also 'Wettrüsten' (arms race).
Die nukleare Aufrüstung während des Kalten Krieges war eine globale Bedrohung.
Nuclear armament during the Cold War was a global threat.
modernization
Modernisierung and Aufrüstung can both refer to bringing a technical system up to date. Modernisierung refers to the overall renewal process, while Aufrüstung particularly emphasizes additional or more powerful equipment. Modernisierung is suitable for comprehensive renewal, while Aufrüstung is more appropriate when greater technical performance is the focus.
Zur Aufrüstung des alten Computers werden zusätzlicher Arbeitsspeicher und eine schnellere Grafikkarte eingebaut.
To upgrade the old computer, additional RAM and a faster graphics card are being installed.
Zur Modernisierung des alten Computers werden das Betriebssystem und mehrere Programme erneuert.
To modernize the old computer, the operating system and several programs are being updated.
