modernization
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modernization
The process of renewing something and adapting it to the current state of technology, methods, or ideas.
Die Modernisierung des veralteten Systems ist dringend notwendig.
The modernization of the outdated system is urgently necessary.
This noun is part of a word family that you can easily recognize: the adjective is 'modern', the related verb is 'modernisieren' (to modernize), and the process is 'die Modernisierung' (modernization).
Die Regierung plant, die Schulen zu modernisieren.
The government plans to modernize the schools.
To express what is being modernized, you usually use the genitive or a 'von' (of) construction. The genitive is often more elegant in style.
Die Modernisierung der alten Fabrik wird viel Geld kosten.
The modernization of the old factory will cost a lot of money.
Common verbs in connection with 'Modernisierung' (modernization) are 'durchführen' (to carry out), 'planen' (to plan), or 'in etwas investieren' (to invest in something). Typical objects that are modernized are buildings, infrastructure, technical facilities, or administration.
Die Stadt investiert in die Modernisierung der öffentlichen Verkehrsmittel.
The city is investing in the modernization of public transportation.
reform
'die Reform' and 'die Modernisierung' both have to do with change and improvement. 'Reform' is used especially when an existing system, law, or organization is to be fundamentally redesigned. 'Modernisierung' means that something is brought up to date, for example technically or organizationally. The words can be confused because a reform can often also modernize something. But not every modernization is a reform: new computers in a government office are more likely a 'Modernisierung', while new rules for the whole education system are more likely a 'Reform'.
Die Modernisierung der alten Sporthalle beginnt im Herbst.
The modernization of the old sports hall begins in the fall.
Die Regierung plant eine Reform des Schulsystems.
The government is planning a reform of the school system.