chosen / select
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chosen
Selected for a special task, a special destiny, or a special purpose, often with a positive or almost divine connotation.
Er fühlte sich als der Auserwählte, der das Unternehmen aus der Krise führen sollte.
He felt like the chosen one who was supposed to lead the company out of the crisis.
'Auserwählt' (chosen/select) is the past participle of the verb 'auserwählen' (to choose/select). This verb consists of 'aus' (out) and 'erwählen' (to elect/choose) and literally means to choose someone out of a group for something special.
Die Jury muss aus allen Bewerbern den Gewinner auserwählen.
The jury has to choose the winner from all the applicants.
The adjective can be nominalized to refer to the selected person: 'der Auserwählte' (the chosen man / the chosen one) or 'die Auserwählte' (the chosen woman / the chosen one).
In vielen Geschichten gibt es einen Auserwählten, der die Welt retten muss.
In many stories, there is a chosen one who has to save the world.
To describe the purpose or task of the chosen person, an infinitive construction with 'zu' is often used.
Sie fühlte sich auserwählt, ihrem Volk zu helfen.
She felt chosen to help her people.
In this meaning, the word is very often used in the fixed expression 'ein auserwählter Kreis' (a select circle) to describe an exclusive group.
Nur ein auserwählter Kreis hatte Zugang zu den geheimen Informationen.
Only a select circle had access to the secret information.
certain / specific
'bestimmt für' (intended for) and 'auserwählt' (chosen / select) both have to do with a purpose or a selection. 'Bestimmt für' is neutral and only says that something is intended for a person, a task, or a purpose. 'Auserwählt' sounds much more special: someone or something has been deliberately selected, often for an important task or for an exclusive group. They can be confused because in both cases not everyone is meant. But 'auserwählt' emphasizes the special selection, while 'bestimmt für' simply names the intended use.
Für das Projekt im Büro wurden nur drei besonders erfahrene Mitarbeiter auserwählt.
Only three especially experienced employees were chosen for the project at the office.
Ist dieser Parkplatz nur für die Bewohner des Hauses bestimmt?
Is this parking space intended only for the residents of the building?