drained / depleted
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drained
Completely exhausted, weak, and without energy. Usually refers to a person's physical or emotional state.
Nach der langen Arbeitswoche fühlte sie sich am Freitagabend völlig ausgelaugt.
After the long workweek, she felt completely drained on Friday evening.
The word comes from the verb 'auslaugen' (to leach out). Originally, it means to wash substances out of something with a liquid. This metaphor of 'removing substance' is then applied to people (energy) or soils (nutrients).
Man muss den Boden gut düngen, damit er nicht auslaugt.
You have to fertilize the soil well so that it does not become depleted.
You can easily recognize the meaning from the subject. If 'ausgelaugt' refers to a person, it means 'extremely exhausted'. If it refers to agricultural or geological things like soil or a mine, it means 'without nutrients/resources'.
Der Manager fühlte sich nach dem Quartalsende völlig ausgelaugt.
The manager felt completely drained after the end of the quarter.
When referring to people, 'ausgelaugt' is often intensified with adverbs like 'völlig' (completely), 'total' (totally), or 'komplett' (completely). A common construction is also 'sich ausgelaugt fühlen' (to feel drained).
Ich fühle mich nach dieser Grippe immer noch total ausgelaugt.
I still feel totally drained after this flu.
finished / ready
'fertig' and 'ausgelaugt' can both describe that a person has no strength left. In this meaning, 'fertig' is more colloquial and can refer to physical or emotional exhaustion. 'ausgelaugt' sounds a bit stronger and more precise: the person seems completely drained, often after long work, stress, or illness. 'fertig' can also have other meanings, for example 'finished' or 'ready'. With 'ausgelaugt', the meaning here is clearly about exhaustion.
Meine Kollegin wirkt nach den vielen Nachtschichten sehr ausgelaugt.
My colleague looks very drained after all those night shifts.
Nach drei Stunden Lernen in der Küche bin ich völlig fertig.
After three hours of studying in the kitchen, I’m completely exhausted.