companion / accompanist
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companion
A person who accompanies someone on a journey, to an event, or through a certain period of time.
Sie besuchte den Ball in Begleitung eines eleganten Begleiters.
She attended the ball in the company of an elegant companion.
companion
A circumstance, feeling, or object that typically goes along with a particular situation or thing.
Müdigkeit ist ein ständiger Begleiter in den ersten Wochen mit einem Baby.
Fatigue is a constant companion in the first weeks with a baby.
accompanist
A musician who supports another musician or singer instrumentally.
Der Geiger suchte für sein Konzert noch einen fähigen Begleiter am Klavier.
The violinist was still looking for a capable accompanist on piano for his concert.
'Der Begleiter' (the companion/accompanist) is derived from the verb 'begleiten' (to accompany). The ending '-er' forms a masculine noun here that describes a person who performs this action.
Er wird mich auf meiner Reise nach Italien begleiten.
He will accompany me on my trip to Italy.
The phrase 'in Begleitung von' + dative is very common. It means that someone is somewhere or goes somewhere together with another person.
Die Kanzlerin erschien in Begleitung ihres Mannes.
The chancellor appeared in the company of her husband.
You can recognize this figurative meaning from the fact that the 'Begleiter' (companion) is not a person, but an abstract concept such as a feeling, a state, or a circumstance.
Stress ist leider ein häufiger Begleiter im modernen Arbeitsleben.
Stress is unfortunately a frequent companion in modern working life.
In a musical context, the preposition 'am' + instrument is often used to specify the role of the accompanist.
Die Sängerin trat mit ihrem Begleiter am Klavier auf.
The singer performed with her accompanist on piano.
shadow
Schatten and Begleiter can both refer to a person who accompanies someone else. Schatten emphasizes discreet, constant following, while Begleiter neutrally describes going along or being present. Schatten fits a covert protection or observation role; Begleiter fits simply traveling somewhere together.
Der Bodyguard war bei dem Sänger ein ruhiger Begleiter auf dem Weg durch die Menge.
The bodyguard was a calm companion to the singer as they made their way through the crowd.
Der Bodyguard blieb dem Sänger unauffällig als Schatten durch die Menge hindurch dicht auf den Fersen.
The bodyguard stayed close on the singer's heels, unobtrusively shadowing him through the crowd.
