stretching / elongation
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stretching
The stretching of muscles, tendons, and ligaments in order to improve mobility or prepare for a sports activity.
Vor dem Laufen ist eine gute Dehnung der Beinmuskulatur sehr wichtig.
Before running, good stretching of the leg muscles is very important.
elongation
The physical property or process in which a material is pulled lengthwise or widthwise.
Die Dehnung des Gummibandes war so stark, dass es riss.
The elongation of the rubber band was so great that it snapped.
lengthening
In linguistics (phonetics), the lengthening of the pronunciation of a vowel.
Im Wort „Wahl“ führt die Dehnung des „a“ zu einer anderen Bedeutung als im Wort „Wall“.
In the word 'Wahl', the lengthening of the 'a' leads to a different meaning than in the word 'Wall'.
The noun 'die Dehnung' (stretching/elongation) is derived directly from the verb 'dehnen' (to stretch). The ending '-ung' turns the verb into a noun that describes the process or result of the action, a very common pattern in German.
Bitte dehnen Sie sich vor dem Sport gut.
Please stretch well before exercising.
You can easily recognize the meaning of 'Dehnung' (stretching/elongation) from context. If it is about the body and sports, it means stretching muscles. In connection with materials like rubber or metal, it is about physics. In linguistics, it refers to vowels.
Die Dehnung der Oberschenkelmuskulatur beugt Verletzungen vor.
Stretching the thigh muscles prevents injuries.
In a sports context, 'Dehnung' (stretching) is often used with the verb 'machen' (to do/make) or in fixed combinations. Typical expressions are 'Dehnungsübungen machen' (to do stretching exercises) or specifying what is being stretched, e.g. 'Dehnung der Beine' (stretching of the legs).
Nach dem Joggen mache ich immer eine kurze Dehnung.
After jogging, I always do a short stretch.
In its linguistic meaning, 'Dehnung' (lengthening) is a technical term. In everyday life, you will rarely hear this use unless you are taking a German or phonetics course.
Der Unterschied zwischen „Hölle“ und „Höhle“ liegt in der Dehnung des Vokals.
The difference between 'Hölle' and 'Höhle' lies in the lengthening of the vowel.
extension / extra time
When a vowel is pronounced for longer, Verlängerung generally refers to making it longer. Dehnung is the technical linguistic term for this. Verlängerung fits a general description, while Dehnung is usually more precise in an explanation of pronunciation.
Im Aussprachekurs untersuchen wir die Dehnung dieses Vokals.
In the pronunciation course, we are studying the lengthening of this vowel.
Beim langsamen Sprechen hört man eine deutliche Verlängerung des Vokals.
When speaking slowly, you can hear a clear lengthening of the vowel.
