ego
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ego
In general usage, a person's self-esteem or sense of self-importance. A 'großes Ego' (big ego) is often understood as excessive self-confidence.
Seine arrogante Art zeigt, dass er ein riesiges Ego hat.
His arrogant manner shows that he has a huge ego.
You can tell whether the everyday or the psychological meaning is intended from the context. In normal conversations, it is about self-esteem; in specialist texts or discussions about psychology, it refers to the part of the personality described by Freud.
Sein Ego ist zu groß, um einen Fehler zuzugeben.
His ego is too big to admit a mistake.
In everyday language, 'Ego' (ego) is often combined with adjectives that describe self-esteem. Typical expressions are 'ein großes Ego haben' (to have a big ego / to be arrogant) or 'ein gekränktes Ego' (a wounded ego / being offended).
Er hat ein so großes Ego, dass er keine Kritik akzeptiert.
He has such a big ego that he doesn't accept any criticism.
The meaning of 'Ego' (ego) as part of the personality comes from the psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud. In this context, it is a neutral, scientific term and is not meant judgmentally.
Die Entwicklung eines starken Egos ist ein wichtiger Teil der Kindheit.
The development of a strong ego is an important part of childhood.
self-confidence / self-awareness
'das Selbstbewusstsein' and 'das Ego' both have to do with how a person sees themselves. 'Selbstbewusstsein' is usually positive or neutral: a person trusts themselves and their abilities. 'Ego' often means that someone pays a lot of attention to themselves or considers themselves too important. In particular, 'ein großes Ego' (a big ego) sounds rather critical. Learners may confuse the words because both have to do with one's own self. If you mean something positive, 'Selbstbewusstsein' is usually the safer choice.
Sein Ego ist verletzt, weil niemand seine Idee gelobt hat.
His ego is hurt because no one praised his idea.
Nach dem erfolgreichen Gespräch hat Lena mehr Selbstbewusstsein.
After the successful conversation, Lena has more self-confidence.