to cover / stock up / set
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to cover
To cover a roof with tiles, slate, or another material in order to make it weatherproof.
Nach dem Sturm mussten wir das gesamte Dach neu eindecken lassen.
After the storm, we had to have the entire roof covered again.
'Eindecken' is a separable verb. The prefix 'ein-' comes at the end in a main clause. In subordinate clauses and in the infinitive with 'zu', the verb stays together.
Der Dachdecker deckt das Dach neu ein.
The roofer is covering the roof again.
You can recognize the meaning from the context: If people are talking about a 'Dach' (roof), it is about construction. If the verb is reflexive ('sich eindecken mit'), it is about buying supplies. If the object is 'der Tisch' (the table), it is about table settings.
Wir lassen das Dach mit neuen Ziegeln eindecken.
We are having the roof covered with new tiles.
In the meaning 'Vorräte anlegen' (to build up supplies), the verb is always used reflexively and with the preposition 'mit' + dative: 'sich mit etwas eindecken' (to stock up on something).
Vor dem Feiertag decken sich alle mit Lebensmitteln ein.
Before the holiday, everyone stocks up on food.
When talking about roofs, the preposition 'mit' is often used to name the material: 'das Dach mit Ziegeln eindecken' (to cover the roof with tiles).
Das historische Gebäude wurde mit Schiefer eingedeckt.
The historic building was covered with slate.
to cover / to set
'decken' and 'eindecken' overlap in two areas: the table and the roof. 'Den Tisch decken' (to set the table) is the normal phrase when you put out dishes, cutlery, and glasses. 'Eindecken' can also mean this, but in this meaning it sounds less common or somewhat more technical. For a roof, both words can fit; 'eindecken' puts more emphasis on the roof being covered with tiles or another material. Important: 'sich mit etwas eindecken' also means to buy or obtain supplies. You cannot express that with 'decken'. The words are easy to confuse because they look similar and partly describe similar situations.
Vor dem Feiertag deckt sich meine Schwester mit Brot und Milch ein.
Before the holiday, my sister stocks up on bread and milk.
Kannst du bitte den Tisch decken, bevor die Gäste kommen?
Could you please set the table before the guests arrive?