rock
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rock
The solid material that the Earth's crust consists of and that is made up of one or more minerals. It is the basic material of mountains and cliffs.
Granit ist ein sehr hartes Gestein, das oft im Bauwesen verwendet wird.
Granite is a very hard rock that is often used in construction.
The word 'Gestein' (rock) is derived from 'der Stein' (stone). The prefix 'Ge-' forms a collective noun here and describes the material as a whole, not an individual stone.
Die Alpen bestehen aus unterschiedlichen Arten von Gestein.
The Alps consist of different types of rock.
'Gestein' (rock) is often a technical term in geology or construction. It describes the material in a scientific or technical sense.
Die Geologen untersuchen die Proben von Gestein vom Meeresboden.
The geologists are examining the rock samples from the seabed.
Common adjectives used with 'Gestein' (rock) are 'hartes' (hard), 'weiches' (soft), 'vulkanisches' (volcanic), or 'loses' (loose) Gestein.
Vulkanisches Gestein ist oft sehr porös.
Volcanic rock is often very porous.
stone
“Der Stein” usually refers to a single solid piece that can, for example, be picked up or thrown away. “Das Gestein,” by contrast, refers to solid material as a whole, for example in a mountain or cliff face. Use “Stein” for the individual piece and “Gestein” for the material.
Das Gestein des Berges besteht aus verschiedenen Mineralen.
The rock that makes up the mountain consists of various minerals.
Am Weg lag ein großer Stein, den die Kinder gemeinsam anhoben.
A large stone lay in the path, and the children lifted it together.
