immune
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immune
In the medical sense, not susceptible to a particular disease, usually because of a previous infection or a vaccination.
Wer die Masern einmal hatte, ist normalerweise lebenslang dagegen immun.
Anyone who has had measles once is usually immune to it for life.
The adjective 'immun' (immune) is almost always used with the preposition 'gegen' and the accusative. This applies to the medical, figurative, and legal meanings.
Nach der Impfung ist man gegen das Virus immun.
After the vaccination, you are immune to the virus.
'Immun' (immune) belongs to a word family that you can learn together: 'die Immunität' (immunity; the state of being immune) and 'das Immunsystem' (the immune system; the body's defenses).
Ein starkes Immunsystem schützt den Körper vor Krankheiten.
A strong immune system protects the body from disease.
The meaning of 'immun' (immune) becomes clear from the context. In connection with diseases and vaccinations, the medical meaning is intended. With topics such as criticism or problems, it is the figurative meaning. In a legal or political context, it refers to protection from prosecution.
Sie ist immun gegen seine charmanten Komplimente.
She is immune to his charming compliments.
The legal meaning of 'immun' (immune) is a technical term from the field of law and politics. Here people speak of 'parlamentarische Immunität' (parliamentary immunity) or 'diplomatische Immunität' (diplomatic immunity).
Der Diplomat kann nicht verhaftet werden, da er immun ist.
The diplomat cannot be arrested because he is immune.
susceptible / prone
'anfällig' and 'immun' both describe how strongly something or someone can be affected by illnesses, problems, or influences. But they are opposites. 'anfällig' means that someone or something easily gets sick, easily develops problems, or easily shows errors. 'immun' means that someone or something is protected against it or is hardly affected by it. Learners may confuse the words because both often appear with 'für' or 'gegen' in similar topics. Usually you say 'anfällig für etwas' (susceptible to something), but 'immun gegen etwas' (immune to something).
Nach der Impfung ist sie gegen diese Krankheit immun.
After the vaccination, she is immune to this disease.
Dieses alte Handy ist sehr anfällig für Störungen.
This old phone is very prone to malfunctions.