immune
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immune
In the medical sense, not susceptible to a particular disease, usually because of a previous infection or a vaccination.
Wer die Masern einmal hatte, ist normalerweise lebenslang dagegen immun.
Anyone who has had measles once is usually immune to it for life.
immune to
In a figurative sense, unaffected by or not susceptible to something, for example criticism, temptations, or problems.
Er scheint gegen jegliche Kritik an seiner Arbeit völlig immun zu sein.
He seems to be completely immune to any criticism of his work.
immune
In the legal sense, protected from prosecution or legal consequences. This often applies to diplomats or members of parliament.
Aufgrund seiner diplomatischen Immunität ist der Botschafter vor einer Anklage immun.
Because of his diplomatic immunity, the ambassador is immune from prosecution.
The adjective 'immun' (immune) is almost always used with the preposition 'gegen' and the accusative. This applies to the medical, figurative, and legal meanings.
Nach der Impfung ist man gegen das Virus immun.
After the vaccination, you are immune to the virus.
'Immun' (immune) belongs to a word family that you can learn together: 'die Immunität' (immunity; the state of being immune) and 'das Immunsystem' (the immune system; the body's defenses).
Ein starkes Immunsystem schützt den Körper vor Krankheiten.
A strong immune system protects the body from disease.
The meaning of 'immun' (immune) becomes clear from the context. In connection with diseases and vaccinations, the medical meaning is intended. With topics such as criticism or problems, it is the figurative meaning. In a legal or political context, it refers to protection from prosecution.
Sie ist immun gegen seine charmanten Komplimente.
She is immune to his charming compliments.
The legal meaning of 'immun' (immune) is a technical term from the field of law and politics. Here people speak of 'parlamentarische Immunität' (parliamentary immunity) or 'diplomatische Immunität' (diplomatic immunity).
Der Diplomat kann nicht verhaftet werden, da er immun ist.
The diplomat cannot be arrested because he is immune.
protected
When referring to an illness, geschützt can also mean partial protection or protection achieved in different ways. Immun is the stronger medical statement that someone is not susceptible to a particular disease. Use geschützt for general or incomplete protection, and immun when confirmed immunity is explicitly meant.
Nach der Impfung gilt sie laut dem Arzt als immun gegen diese Krankheit.
According to the doctor, she is considered immune to this disease after the vaccination.
Nach der Impfung ist sie vor der Krankheit geschützt, aber ein Anstecken ist weiterhin möglich.
After the vaccination, she is protected against the disease, but she can still become infected.
