inklusive
including
Used as a preposition to express that something is included or contained in a price or a whole.
EXAMPLE
Der Preis beträgt 50 Euro pro Person, inklusive Frühstück.
The price is 50 euros per person, including breakfast.
inklusive
inclusive / including
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Meanings
inklusive
inclusive
Used as an adjective to describe something or someone that is oriented toward social inclusion and participation for all people, especially minorities or people with disabilities.
EXAMPLE
Unsere Schule arbeitet an einem Konzept für einen inklusiven Unterricht.
Our school is working on a concept for inclusive teaching.
Usage tips
Case after the preposition
When 'inklusive' (including) is used as a preposition, the following noun takes the genitive in standard German. In colloquial speech, however, the dative is very common and is often felt to sound more natural.
EXAMPLE
Der Preis versteht sich inklusive des Zubehörs.
The price includes the accessories.
Context clue
You can recognize the meaning from the grammar: If 'inklusive' (including) is used as a preposition before a noun, it means 'included'. If it is declined like an adjective, e.g. 'ein inklusives Team' (an inclusive team), it is about social inclusion.
EXAMPLE
Die Reise kostet 500 Euro inklusive Flug.
The trip costs 500 euros including the flight.
Word order
As a preposition, 'inklusive' (including) can come before or after the noun it refers to. Placing it after the noun is especially common in price information.
EXAMPLE
Das Menü kostet 25 Euro inklusive einem Getränk.
The menu costs 25 euros including a drink.
Typical collocations
In the meaning of 'socially inclusive', 'inklusiv' (inclusive) is often used in social and educational contexts. Typical combinations are 'inklusive Gesellschaft' (inclusive society), 'inklusiver Arbeitsplatz' (inclusive workplace), or 'inklusives Lernen' (inclusive learning).
EXAMPLE
Das Ziel ist eine inklusive Gesellschaft, in der alle teilhaben können.
The goal is an inclusive society in which everyone can participate.
Compare with
inklusive vs bis
until / to
“Bis” names an endpoint in time but, depending on the context, leaves it open whether that day is included. “Inklusive” explicitly makes clear that the stated endpoint is included. Use “inklusive” when you want to avoid misunderstandings about the last valid day.
inklusive
Die Ausstellung ist bis Sonntag inklusive geöffnet.
The exhibition is open through Sunday.
bis
Die Ausstellung ist bis Sonntag geöffnet.
The exhibition is open until Sunday.
In real life
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